28th United States Congress

United States Capitol

The Twenty-eighth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1843 to March 3, 1845, during the last two years of the administration of U.S. President John Tyler.

The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the Sixth Census of the United States in 1840. The Senate had a Whig majority, and the House had a Democratic majority.

Dates of sessions

March 4, 1843 - March 3, 1845

• First session: December 4, 1843 - June 17, 1844.
• Second session: December 2, 1844 - March 3, 1845.
• Previous congress: 27th Congress
  
• Next congress: 29th Congress

Party summary

The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.

Senate Whig (W) : 29 (majority) Democratic (D) : 23 vacant: 2 TOTAL members: 54

House of Representatives Democratic (D) : 147 (majority) Whig (W) : 72 Law and Order (LO) : 2 Independent Democrat: 1 Independent Whig: 1 vacant: 1 TOTAL members: 224

Leadership

President: Vacant President pro tempore: Willie P. Mangum, Whig of North Carolina, elected December 4, 1843. House of Representatives Speaker: John W. Jones, Democratic of Virginia, elected December 4, 1843.

Major events

Events of 1843, 1844 & 1845

Major legislation

List of United States federal legislation in the 28th Congress

• March 3, 1845 -- Florida was admitted as a state into the Union.

Membership highlights by chamber

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and Representatives are listed by district.

Senate

Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1844; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1846; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1848.

Alabama 2: William R. D. King (D) Dixon H. Lewis (D) 3: Arthur P. Bagby (D) Arkansas 2: William S. Fulton (D) Chester Ashley (D) 3: Ambrose H. Sevier (D) Connecticut 1: Jabez W. Huntington (W) 3: John M. Niles (D) Delaware 1: Richard H. Bayard (W) 2: Thomas Clayton (W) Florida 1: vacant 2: vacant Georgia 2: John Mcpherson Berrien (W) 3: Walter T. Colquitt (D) Illinois 2: Samuel McRoberts (D) James Semple (D) 3: Sidney Breese (D) Indiana 1: Albert S. White (W) 3: Edward A. Hannegan (D) Kentucky 2: James T. Morehead (W) 3: John J. Crittenden (W)

Louisiana 2: Alexander Barrow (W) 3: Henry Johnson (W) Maine 2: George Evans (W) 1: John Fairfield (D) Maryland 1: William D. Merrick (W) 3: James A. Pearce (W) Massachusetts 2: Isaac C. Bates (W) 1: Rufus Choate (W) Michigan 1: Augustus S. Porter (W) 2: William Woodbridge (W) Mississippi 2: Robert J. Walker (D) 1: John Henderson (W) Missouri 1: Thomas H. Benton (D) 3: Lewis F. Linn (D) David R. Atchison (D) New Hampshire 2: Levi Woodbury (D) 3: Charles G. Atherton (D) New Jersey 2: Jacob W. Miller (W) 1: William L. Dayton (W)

New York 3: Silas Wright, Jr. (D) Henry A. Foster (D) John A. Dix (D) 1: Nathaniel P. Tallmadge (W) Daniel S. Dickinson (D) North Carolina 2: Willie P. Mangum (W) 3: William H. Haywood, Jr. (D) Ohio 3: William Allen (D) 1: Benjamin Tappan (D) Pennsylvania 3: James Buchanan (D) 1: Daniel Sturgeon (D) Rhode Island 2: James F. Simmons (W) 1: William Sprague (W) John B. Francis (LO) South Carolina 3: George McDuffie (D) 2: Daniel E. Huger (D) Tennessee 1: Ephraim H. Foster (W) 2: Spencer Jarnagin (W) Vermont 1: Samuel S. Phelps (W) 3: William Upham (W) Virginia 1: William C. Rives (W) 2: William S. Archer (W)

House of Representatives

The names of members of the House of Representatives elected statewide on the general ticket or otherwise at-large, are preceded by an "A/L," and the names of those elected from districts, whether plural or single member, are preceded by their district numbers.

Many of the congressional district numbers are linked to articles describing the district itself. Since the boundaries of the districts have changed often and substantially, the linked article may only describe the district as it exists today, and not as it was at the time of this Congress.

Alabama 1: James Dellet (W) 2: James E. Belser (D) 3: Dixon H. Lewis (D) William L. Yancey (D) 4: William W. Payne (D) 5: George S. Houston (D) 6: Reuben Chapman (D) 7: Felix G. McConnell (D) Arkansas A/L: Edward Cross (D) Connecticut 1: Thomas H. Seymour (D) 2: John Stewart (D) 3: George S. Catlin (D) 4: Samuel Simons (D) Delaware A/L: George B. Rodney (W) Florida A/L: vacant Georgia A/L: Edward J. Black (D) A/L: Howell Cobb (D) A/L: Mark A. Cooper (D) Alexander H. Stephens (W) A/L: Hugh A. Haralson (D) A/L: John B. Lamar (D) Absalom H. Chappell (W) A/L: John H. Lumpkin (D) A/L: John Millen (D) Duncan L. Clinch (W) A/L: William H. Stiles (D) Illinois 1: Robert Smith (D) 2: John A. McClernand (D) 3: Orlando B. Ficklin (D) 4: John Wentworth (D) 5: Stephen A. Douglas (D) 6: Joseph P. Hoge (D) 7: John J. Hardin (W) Indiana 1: Robert D. Owen (D) 2: Thomas J. Henley (D) 3: Thomas Smith (D) 4: Caleb B. Smith (W) 5: William J. Brown (D) 6: John W. Davis (D) 7: Joseph A. Wright (D) 8: John Pettit (D) 9: Samuel C. Sample (W) 10: Andrew Kennedy (D) Kentucky 1: Linn Boyd (D) 2: Willis Green (W) 3: Henry Grider (W) 4: George A. Caldwell (D) 5: James W. Stone (D) 6: John White (W) 7: William P. Thomasson (W) 8: Garrett Davis (W) 9: Richard French (D) 10: John W. Tibbatts (D) Louisiana 1: John Slidell (D) 2: Alcée L. La Branche (D) 3: John B. Dawson (D) 4: Pierre E. J. B. Bossier (D) Isaac E. Morse (D) Maine 1: Joshua Herrick (D) 2: Robert P. Dunlap (D) 3: Luther Severance (W) 4: Freeman H. Morse (W) 5: Benjamin White (D) 6: Hannibal Hamlin (D) 7: Shepard Cary (D) Maryland 1: John M. S. Causin (W) 2: Francis Brengle (W) 3: John Wethered (W) 4: John P. Kennedy (W) 5: Jacob A. Preston (W) 6: Thomas A. Spence (W)

Massachusetts 1: Robert C. Winthrop (W) 2: Daniel P. King (W) 3: Amos Abbott (W) 4: William Parmenter (D) 5: Charles Hudson (W) 6: Osmyn Baker (W) 7: Julius Rockwell (W) 8: John Quincy Adams (W) 9: Henry Williams (D) 10: Barker Burnell (W) Joseph Grinnell (W) Michigan 1: Robert McClelland (D) 2: Lucius Lyon (D) 3: James B. Hunt (D) Mississippi A/L: William H. Hammett (D) A/L: Robert W. Roberts (D) A/L: Jacob Thompson (D) A/L: Tilghman M. Tucker (D) Missouri A/L: Gustavus M. Bower (D) A/L: James B. Bowlin (D) A/L: James M. Hughes (D) A/L: John Jameson (D) A/L: James H. Relfe (D) New Hampshire A/L: Edmund Burke (D) A/L: John P. Hale (D) A/L: Moses Norris, Jr. (D) A/L: John R. Reding (D) New Jersey 1: Lucius Q. C. Elmer (D) 2: George Sykes (D) 3: Isaac G. Farlee (D) 4: Littleton Kirkpatrick (D) 5: William Wright (IW) New York 1: Selah B. Strong (D) 2: Henry C. Murphy (D) 3: J. Phillips Phoenix (W) 4: William B. Maclay (D) 5: Moses G. Leonard (D) 6: Hamilton Fish (W) 7: Joseph H. Anderson (D) 8: Richard D. Davis (D) 9: James G. Clinton (D) 10: Jeremiah Russell (D) 11: Zadock Pratt (D) 12: David L. Seymour (D) 13: Daniel D. Barnard (W) 14: Charles Rogers (W) 15: Lemuel Stetson (D) 16: Chesselden Ellis (D) 17: Charles S. Benton (D) 18: Preston King (D) 19: Orville Hungerford (D) 20: Samuel Beardsley (D) Levi D. Carpenter (D) 21: Jeremiah E. Cary (D) 22: Smith M. Purdy (D) 23: Orville Robinson (D) 24: Horace Wheaton (D) 25: George O. Rathbun (D) 26: Amasa Dana (D) 27: Byram Green (D) 28: Thomas J. Patterson (W) 29: Charles H. Carroll (W) 30: William S. Hubbell (D) 31: Asher Tyler (W) 32: William A. Moseley (W) 33: Albert Smith (W) 34: Washington Hunt (W) North Carolina 1: Thomas L. Clingman (W) 2: Daniel M. Barringer (W) 3: David S. Reid (D) 4: Edmund Deberry (W) 5: Romulus M. Saunders (D) 6: James I. McKay (D) 7: John R. J. Daniel (D) 8: Archibald H. Arrington (D) 9: Kenneth Rayner (W)

Ohio 1: Alexander Duncan (D) 2: John B. Weller (D) 3: Robert C. Schenck (W) 4: Joseph Vance (W) 5: Emery D. Potter (D) 6: Henry St. John (D) 7: Joseph J. McDowell (D) 8: John I. Vanmeter (W) 9: Elias Florence (W) 10: Heman Allen Moore (D) Alfred P. Stone (D) 11: Jacob Brinkerhoff (D) 12: Samuel F. Vinton (W) 13: Perley B. Johnson (W) 14: Alexander Harper (W) 15: Joseph Morris (D) 16: James Mathews (D) 17: William C. McCauslen (D) 18: Ezra Dean (D) 19: Daniel R. Tilden (W) 20: Joshua R. Giddings (W) 21: Henry R. Brinkerhoff (D) Edward S. Hamlin (W) Pennsylvania 1: Edward Joy Morris (W) 2: Joseph R. Ingersoll (W) 3: John T. Smith (D) 4: Charles J. Ingersoll (D) 5: Jacob S. Yost (D) 6: Michael H. Jenks (W) 7: Abraham R. McIlvaine (W) 8: Jeremiah Brown (W) 9: John Ritter (D) 10: Richard Brodhead (D) 11: Benjamin A. Bidlack (D) 12: Almon H. Read (D) George Fuller (D) 13: Henry Frick (W) James Pollock (W) 14: Alexander Ramsey (W) 15: Henry Nes (ID) 16: James Black (D) 17: James Irvin (W) 18: Andrew Stewart (W) 19: Henry D. Foster (D) 20: John Dickey (W) 21: William Wilkins (D) Cornelius Darragh (W) 22: Samuel Hays (D) 23: Charles M. Reed (W) 24: Joseph Buffington (W) Rhode Island 1: Henry Y. Cranston (LO) 2: Elisha R. Potter (LO) South Carolina 1: James A. Black (D) 2: Richard F. Simpson (D) 3: Joseph A. Woodward (D) 4: John Campbell (D) 5: Armistead Burt (D) 6: Isaac E. Holmes (D) 7: R. Barnwell Rhett (D) Tennessee 1: Andrew Johnson (D) 2: William T. Senter (W) 3: Julius W. Blackwell (D) 4: Alvan Cullom (D) 5: George W. Jones (D) 6: Aaron V. Brown (D) 7: David W. Dickinson (W) 8: Joseph H. Peyton (W) 9: Cave Johnson (D) 10: John B. Ashe (W) 11: Milton Brown (W) Vermont 1: Solomon Foot (W) 2: Jacob Collamer (W) 3: George P. Marsh (W) 4: Paul Dillingham, Jr. (D) Virginia 1: Archibald Atkinson (D) 2: George C. Dromgoole (D) 3: Walter Coles (D) 4: Edmund W. Hubard (D) 5: Thomas W. Gilmer (D) William L. Goggin (W) 6: John W. Jones (D) 7: Henry A. Wise (D) Thomas H. Bayly (D) 8: Willoughby Newton (W) 9: Samuel Chilton (W) 10: William Lucas (D) 11: William Taylor (D) 12: Augustus A. Chapman (D) 13: George W. Hopkins (D) 14: George W. Summers (W) 15: Lewis Steenrod (D)

Delegates

Florida Territory A/L: David Levy Yulee (D)

Iowa Territory A/L: Augustus C. Dodge (D)

Wisconsin Territory A/L: Henry Dodge (D)

Membership detail by state

Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1844; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1846; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1848.

The names of members of the House of Representatives elected statewide on the general ticket or otherwise at-large, are preceded by an "A/L," and the names of those elected from districts, whether plural or single member, are preceded by their district numbers.

Many of the congressional district numbers are linked to articles describing the district itself. Since the boundaries of the districts have changed often and substantially, the linked article may only describe the district as it exists today, and not as it was at the time of this Congress.

The list below is arranged by state, then by chamber. Senators are shown in order of seniority, House members in district order.

Alabama Senate 2: William R. D. King (1786-1853), Democratic …resigned April 14, 1844. Dixon H. Lewis (1802-1848), Democratic …appointed to fill vacancy, April 22, 1844, subsequently elected. 3: Arthur P. Bagby (1794-1858), Democratic House of Representatives (7 seats) 1: James Dellet (1788-1848), Whig 2: James E. Belser (1805-1859), Democratic 3: Dixon H. Lewis (1802-1848), Democratic …resigned April 22, 1844. William L. Yancey (1814-1863), Democratic …elected to fill vacancy, seated December 2, 1844. 4: William W. Payne (1807-1874), Democratic 5: George S. Houston (1811-1879), Democratic 6: Reuben Chapman (1799-1882), Democratic 7: Felix G. McConnell (1809-1846), Democratic Arkansas Senate 2: William S. Fulton (1795-1844), Democratic …died August 15, 1844. Chester Ashley (1790-1848), Democratic …elected to fill vacancy, November 8, 1844. 3: Ambrose H. Sevier (1801-1848), Democratic House of Representatives (1 seat) A/L: Edward Cross (1798-1887), Democratic Connecticut Senate 1: Jabez W. Huntington (1788-1847), Whig 3: John M. Niles (1787-1856), Democratic House of Representatives (4 seats) 1: Thomas H. Seymour (1807-1868), Democratic 2: John Stewart (1795-1860), Democratic 3: George S. Catlin (1808-1851), Democratic 4: Samuel Simons (1792-1847), Democratic Delaware Senate 1: Richard H. Bayard (1796-1868), Whig 2: Thomas Clayton (1777-1854), Whig House of Representatives (1 seat) A/L: George B. Rodney (1803-1883), Whig Georgia Senate 2: John Mcpherson Berrien (1781-1856), Whig 3: Walter T. Colquitt (1799-1855), Democratic House of Representatives (8 seats) A/L: Edward J. Black (1806-1846), Democratic A/L: Howell Cobb (1815-1868), Democratic A/L: Mark A. Cooper (1800-1885), Democratic …resigned April 14, 1844. Alexander H. Stephens (1812-1883), Whig …elected to fill vacancy, seated December 4, 1843. A/L: Hugh A. Haralson (1805-1854), Democratic A/L: John B. Lamar (1812-1862), Democratic …resigned July 29, 1843, before Congress assembled. Absalom H. Chappell (1801-1878), Whig …elected to fill vacancy, seated December 4, 1843. A/L: John H. Lumpkin (1812-1860), Democratic A/L: John Millen (1804-1843), Democratic …died October 15, 1843, before Congress assembled. Duncan L. Clinch (1787-1849), Whig …elected to fill vacancy, seated February 15, 1844. A/L: William H. Stiles (1808-1865), Democratic Illinois Senate 2: Samuel McRoberts (1799-1843), Democratic …died March 27, 1843. James Semple (1798-1866), Democratic …appointed to fill vacancy, August 16, 1843, subsequently elected. 3: Sidney Breese (1800-1878), Democratic House of Representatives (7 seats) 1: Robert Smith (1802-1867), Democratic 2: John A. McClernand (1812-1900), Democratic 3: Orlando B. Ficklin (1808-1886), Democratic 4: John Wentworth (1815-1888), Democratic 5: Stephen A. Douglas (1813-1861), Democratic 6: Joseph P. Hoge (1810-1891), Democratic 7: John J. Hardin (1810-1847), Whig Indiana Senate 1: Albert S. White (1803-1864), Whig 3: Edward A. Hannegan (1807-1859), Democratic House of Representatives (10 seats) 1: Robert D. Owen (1801-1877), Democratic 2: Thomas J. Henley (1810-1865), Democratic 3: Thomas Smith (1799-1876), Democratic 4: Caleb B. Smith (1808-1864), Whig 5: William J. Brown (1805-1857), Democratic 6: John W. Davis (1799-1859), Democratic 7: Joseph A. Wright (1810-1867), Democratic 8: John Pettit (1807-1877), Democratic 9: Samuel C. Sample (1796-1855), Whig 10: Andrew Kennedy (1810-1847), Democratic Kentucky Senate 2: James T. Morehead (1797-1854), Whig 3: John J. Crittenden (1786-1863), Whig House of Representatives (10 seats) 1: Linn Boyd (1800-1859), Democratic 2: Willis Green ( - ), Whig 3: Henry Grider (1796-1866), Whig 4: George A. Caldwell (1814-1866), Democratic 5: James W. Stone (1813-1854), Democratic 6: John White (1802-1845), Whig 7: William P. Thomasson (1797-1882), Whig 8: Garrett Davis (1801-1872), Whig 9: Richard French (1792-1854), Democratic 10: John W. Tibbatts (1802-1852), Democratic Louisiana Senate 2: Alexander Barrow (1801-1846), Whig 3: Henry Johnson (1783-1864), Whig …elected to fill vacancy in class, February 12, 1844. House of Representatives (4 seats) 1: John Slidell (1793-1871), Democratic 2: Alcée L. La Branche (1806-1861), Democratic 3: John B. Dawson (1798-1845), Democratic 4: Pierre E. J. B. Bossier (1797-1844), Democratic …died April 24, 1844. Isaac E. Morse (1809-1866), Democratic …elected to fill vacancy, seated December 2, 1844. Maine Senate 2: George Evans (1797-1867), Whig 1: John Fairfield (1797-1847), Democratic House of Representatives (7 seats) 1: Joshua Herrick (1793-1874), Democratic 2: Robert P. Dunlap (1794-1859), Democratic 3: Luther Severance (1797-1855), Whig 4: Freeman H. Morse (1807-1891), Whig 5: Benjamin White (1790-1860), Democratic …seated December 2, 1844. 6: Hannibal Hamlin (1809-1891), Democratic 7: Shepard Cary (1805-1866), Democratic …seated May 10, 1844. Maryland Senate 1: William D. Merrick (1793-1857), Whig 3: James A. Pearce (1805-1862), Whig House of Representatives (6 seats) 1: John M. S. Causin (1811-1861), Whig 2: Francis Brengle (1807-1846), Whig 3: John Wethered (1809-1888), Whig 4: John P. Kennedy (1795-1870), Whig 5: Jacob A. Preston (1796-1868), Whig 6: Thomas A. Spence (1810-1877), Whig Massachusetts Senate 2: Isaac C. Bates (1779-1845), Whig 1: Rufus Choate (1799-1859), Whig House of Representatives (10 seats) 1: Robert C. Winthrop (1809-1894), Whig 2: Daniel P. King (1801-1850), Whig 3: Amos Abbott (1786-1868), Whig 4: William Parmenter (1789-1866), Democratic 5: Charles Hudson (1795-1881), Whig 6: Osmyn Baker (1800-1875), Whig 7: Julius Rockwell (1805-1888), Whig 8: John Quincy Adams (1767-1848), Whig 9: Henry Williams (1805-1887), Democratic 10: Barker Burnell (1798-1843), Whig …died June 15, 1843, before Congress assembled. Joseph Grinnell (1788-1885), Whig …elected to fill vacancy, seated December 7, 1843. Michigan Senate 1: Augustus S. Porter (1798-1872), Whig 2: William Woodbridge (1780-1861), Whig House of Representatives (3 seats) 1: Robert McClelland (1807-1880), Democratic 2: Lucius Lyon (1800-1851), Democratic 3: James B. Hunt (1799-1857), Democratic Mississippi Senate 2: Robert J. Walker (1801-1869), Democratic 1: John Henderson (1797-1857), Whig House of Representatives (4 seats) A/L: William H. Hammett (1799-1861), Democratic A/L: Robert W. Roberts (1784-1865), Democratic A/L: Jacob Thompson (1810-1885), Democratic A/L: Tilghman M. Tucker (1802-1859), Democratic Missouri Senate 1: Thomas H. Benton (1782-1858), Democratic 3: Lewis F. Linn (1796-1843), Democratic …died October 3, 1843. David R. Atchison (1807-1886), Democratic …elected to fill vacancy, seated December 4, 1844. House of Representatives (5 seats) A/L: Gustavus M. Bower (1790-1864), Democratic A/L: James B. Bowlin (1804-1874), Democratic A/L: James M. Hughes (1809-1861), Democratic A/L: John Jameson (1802-1857), Democratic A/L: James H. Relfe (1791-1863), Democratic New Hampshire Senate 2: Levi Woodbury (1789-1851), Democratic 3: Charles G. Atherton (1804-1853), Democratic House of Representatives (4 seats) A/L: Edmund Burke (1809-1882), Democratic A/L: John P. Hale (1806-1873), Democratic A/L: Moses Norris, Jr. (1799-1855), Democratic A/L: John R. Reding (1805-1892), Democratic New Jersey Senate 2: Jacob W. Miller (1800-1862), Whig 1: William L. Dayton (1807-1864), Whig House of Representatives (5 seats) 1: Lucius Q. C. Elmer (1793-1883), Democratic 2: George Sykes (1802-1880), Democratic 3: Isaac G. Farlee (1787-1855), Democratic 4: Littleton Kirkpatrick (1797-1859), Democratic 5: William Wright (1794-1866), Independent Whig New York Senate 3: Silas Wright, Jr. (1795-1847), Democratic …resigned November 26, 1844. Henry A. Foster (1800-1889), Democratic …appointed to fill vacancy, November 30, 1844. John A. Dix (1798-1879), Democratic …elected to fill vacancy, January 18, 1844. 1: Nathaniel P. Tallmadge (1795-1864), Whig …resigned June 17, 1844. Daniel S. Dickinson (1800-1866), Democratic …appointed to fill vacancy, November 30, 1844. House of Representatives (34 seats) 1: Selah B. Strong (1792-1872), Democratic 2: Henry C. Murphy (1810-1882), Democratic 3: J. Phillips Phoenix (1788-1859), Whig 4: William B. Maclay (1812-1882), Democratic 5: Moses G. Leonard (1809-1899), Democratic 6: Hamilton Fish (1808-1893), Whig 7: Joseph H. Anderson (1800-1870), Democratic 8: Richard D. Davis (1799-1871), Democratic 9: James G. Clinton (1804-1849), Democratic 10: Jeremiah Russell (1786-1867), Democratic 11: Zadock Pratt (1790-1871), Democratic 12: David L. Seymour (1803-1867), Democratic 13: Daniel D. Barnard (1797-1861), Whig 14: Charles Rogers (1800-1874), Whig 15: Lemuel Stetson (1804-1868), Democratic 16: Chesselden Ellis (1808-1854), Democratic 17: Charles S. Benton (1810-1882), Democratic 18: Preston King (1806-1865), Democratic 19: Orville Hungerford (1790-1851), Democratic 20: Samuel Beardsley (1790-1860), Democratic …resigned March 6, 1844. Levi D. Carpenter (1802-1856), Democratic …elected to fill vacancy, seated December 2, 1844. 21: Jeremiah E. Cary (1803-1888), Democratic 22: Smith M. Purdy (1796-1870), Democratic 23: Orville Robinson (1801-1882), Democratic 24: Horace Wheaton (1803-1882), Democratic 25: George O. Rathbun (1803-1870), Democratic 26: Amasa Dana (1792-1867), Democratic 27: Byram Green (1786-1865), Democratic 28: Thomas J. Patterson (1808c- ), Whig 29: Charles H. Carroll (1794-1865), Whig 30: William S. Hubbell (1801-1873), Democratic 31: Asher Tyler (1798-1875), Whig 32: William A. Moseley (1798-1873), Whig 33: Albert Smith (1805-1870), Whig 34: Washington Hunt (1811-1867), Whig North Carolina Senate 2: Willie P. Mangum (1792-1861), Whig 3: William H. Haywood, Jr. (1801-1852), Democratic House of Representatives (9 seats) 1: Thomas L. Clingman (1812-1897), Whig 2: Daniel M. Barringer (1806-1873), Whig 3: David S. Reid (1813-1891), Democratic 4: Edmund Deberry (1787-1859), Whig 5: Romulus M. Saunders (1791-1867), Democratic 6: James I. McKay (1793-1853), Democratic 7: John R. J. Daniel (1802-1868), Democratic 8: Archibald H. Arrington (1809-1872), Democratic 9: Kenneth Rayner (1808-1884), Whig Ohio Senate 3: William Allen (1803-1879), Democratic 1: Benjamin Tappan (1773-1857), Democratic House of Representatives (21 seats) 1: Alexander Duncan (1788-1853), Democratic 2: John B. Weller (1812-1875), Democratic 3: Robert C. Schenck (1809-1890), Whig 4: Joseph Vance (1786-1852), Whig 5: Emery D. Potter (1804-1896), Democratic 6: Henry St. John (1783-1869), Democratic 7: Joseph J. McDowell (1800-1877), Democratic 8: John I. Vanmeter (1798-1875), Whig 9: Elias Florence (1797-1880), Whig 10: Heman Allen Moore (1809-1844), Democratic …died April 3, 1844. Alfred P. Stone (1813-1865), Democratic …elected to fill vacancy, seated December 2, 1844. 11: Jacob Brinkerhoff (1810-1880), Democratic 12: Samuel F. Vinton (1792-1862), Whig 13: Perley B. Johnson (1798-1870), Whig 14: Alexander Harper (1786-1860), Whig 15: Joseph Morris (1795-1854), Democratic 16: James Mathews (1805-1887), Democratic 17: William C. McCauslen (1796-1863), Democratic 18: Ezra Dean (1795-1872), Democratic 19: Daniel R. Tilden (1804-1890), Whig 20: Joshua R. Giddings (1795-1864), Whig 21: Henry R. Brinkerhoff (1787-1844), Democratic …died April 30, 1844. Edward S. Hamlin (1808-1894), Whig …elected to fill vacancy, seated December 2, 1844. Pennsylvania Senate 3: James Buchanan (1791-1868), Democratic 1: Daniel Sturgeon (1789-1878), Democratic House of Representatives (24 seats) 1: Edward Joy Morris (1815-1881), Whig 2: Joseph R. Ingersoll (1786-1868), Whig 3: John T. Smith ( - ), Democratic 4: Charles J. Ingersoll (1782-1862), Democratic 5: Jacob S. Yost (1801-1872), Democratic 6: Michael H. Jenks (1795-1867), Whig 7: Abraham R. McIlvaine (1804-1863), Whig 8: Jeremiah Brown (1785-1858), Whig 9: John Ritter (1779-1851), Democratic 10: Richard Brodhead (1811-1863), Democratic 11: Benjamin A. Bidlack (1804-1849), Democratic 12: Almon H. Read (1790-1844), Democratic …died June 3, 1844. George Fuller (1802-1888), Democratic …elected to fill vacancy, seated December 2, 1844. 13: Henry Frick (1795-1844), Whig …died March 1, 1844. James Pollock (1810-1890), Whig …elected to fill vacancy, seated April 23, 1844. 14: Alexander Ramsey (1815-1903), Whig 15: Henry Nes (1799-1850), Independent Democratic 16: James Black (1793-1872), Democratic 17: James Irvin (1800-1862), Whig 18: Andrew Stewart (1791-1872), Whig 19: Henry D. Foster (1808-1880), Democratic 20: John Dickey (1794-1853), Whig 21: William Wilkins (1779-1865), Democratic …resigned February 14, 1844. Cornelius Darragh (1809-1854), Whig …elected to fill vacancy, seated March 26, 1844. 22: Samuel Hays (1783-1868), Democratic 23: Charles M. Reed (1803-1871), Whig 24: Joseph Buffington (1803-1872), Whig Rhode Island Senate 2: James F. Simmons (1795-1864), Whig 1: William Sprague (1799-1856), Whig …resigned January 17, 1844. John B. Francis (1791-1864), Law and Order …elected to fill vacancy, January 25, 1844. House of Representatives (2 seats) 1: Henry Y. Cranston (1789-1864), Law and Order 2: Elisha R. Potter (1811-1882), Law and Order South Carolina Senate 3: George McDuffie (1790-1851), Democratic 2: Daniel E. Huger (1779-1854), Democratic …elected to fill vacancy from preceding Congress, March 4, 1843, resigned March 3, 1844. House of Representatives (7 seats) 1: James A. Black (1793-1848), Democratic 2: Richard F. Simpson (1798-1882), Democratic 3: Joseph A. Woodward (1806-1885), Democratic 4: John Campbell (1795-1845), Democratic 5: Armistead Burt (1802-1883), Democratic 6: Isaac E. Holmes (1796-1867), Democratic 7: R. Barnwell Rhett (1800-1876), Democratic Tennessee Senate 1: Ephraim H. Foster (1794-1854), Whig …elected to fill vacancy in class, October 17, 1843. 2: Spencer Jarnagin (1792-1853), Whig …elected to fill vacancy, October 17, 1843. House of Representatives (11 seats) 1: Andrew Johnson (1808-1875), Democratic 2: William T. Senter (1801-1848), Whig 3: Julius W. Blackwell (1797c- ), Democratic 4: Alvan Cullom (1797-1877), Democratic 5: George W. Jones (1806-1884), Democratic 6: Aaron V. Brown (1795-1859), Democratic 7: David W. Dickinson (1808-1845), Whig 8: Joseph H. Peyton (1808-1845), Whig 9: Cave Johnson (1793-1866), Democratic 10: John B. Ashe (1810-1857), Whig 11: Milton Brown (1804-1883), Whig Vermont Senate 1: Samuel S. Phelps (1793-1855), Whig 3: William Upham (1792-1853), Whig House of Representatives (4 seats) 1: Solomon Foot (1802-1866), Whig 2: Jacob Collamer (1791-1865), Whig 3: George P. Marsh (1801-1882), Whig 4: Paul Dillingham, Jr. (1799-1891), Democratic Virginia Senate 1: William C. Rives (1793-1868), Whig 2: William S. Archer (1789-1855), Whig House of Representatives (15 seats) 1: Archibald Atkinson (1792-1872), Democratic 2: George C. Dromgoole (1797-1847), Democratic 3: Walter Coles (1790-1857), Democratic 4: Edmund W. Hubard (1806-1878), Democratic 5: Thomas W. Gilmer (1802-1844), Democratic …resigned February 16, 1844. William L. Goggin (1807-1870), Whig …elected to fill vacancy, seated May 10, 1844. 6: John W. Jones (1791-1848), Democratic 7: Henry A. Wise (1806-1876), Democratic …resigned February 12, 1844. Thomas H. Bayly (1810-1856), Democratic …elected to fill vacancy, seated May 6, 1844. 8: Willoughby Newton (1802-1874), Whig 9: Samuel Chilton (1804-1867), Whig 10: William Lucas (1800-1877), Democratic 11: William Taylor (1788-1846), Democratic 12: Augustus A. Chapman (1803-1876), Democratic 13: George W. Hopkins (1804-1861), Democratic 14: George W. Summers (1804-1868), Whig 15: Lewis Steenrod (1810-1862), Democratic

Delegates

Florida Territory A/L: David Levy Yulee (1810-1886), Democratic …granted statehood March 3, 1844. Iowa Territory A/L: Augustus C. Dodge (1812-1883), Democratic Wisconsin Territory A/L: Henry Dodge (1782-1867), Democratic

Membership detail by Chamber/Party

The list below is arranged by chamber, then by political party. Members are shown in alphabetical order.

Senate

Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress.

Democratic

A-F William Allen, Ohio Chester Ashley, Arkansas David R. Atchison, Missouri Charles G. Atherton, New Hampshire Arthur P. Bagby, Alabama Thomas H. Benton, Missouri Sidney Breese, Illinois James Buchanan, Pennsylvania Walter T. Colquitt, Georgia Daniel S. Dickinson, New York John A. Dix, New York John Fairfield, Maine Henry A. Foster, New York William S. Fulton, Arkansas

G-R Edward A. Hannegan, Indiana William H. Haywood, Jr., North Carolina Daniel E. Huger, South Carolina William R. D. King, Alabama Dixon H. Lewis, Alabama Lewis F. Linn, Missouri George McDuffie, South Carolina Samuel McRoberts, Illinois John M. Niles, Connecticut

S-Z James Semple, Illinois Ambrose H. Sevier, Arkansas Daniel Sturgeon, Pennsylvania Benjamin Tappan, Ohio Robert J. Walker, Mississippi Levi Woodbury, New Hampshire Silas Wright, Jr., New York

Whig

A-F William S. Archer, Virginia Alexander Barrow, Louisiana Isaac C. Bates, Massachusetts Richard H. Bayard, Delaware John Mcpherson Berrien, Georgia Rufus Choate, Massachusetts Thomas Clayton, Delaware John J. Crittenden, Kentucky William L. Dayton, New Jersey George Evans, Maine Ephraim H. Foster, Tennessee

G-R John Henderson, Mississippi Jabez W. Huntington, Connecticut Spencer Jarnagin, Tennessee Henry Johnson, Louisiana Willie P. Mangum, North Carolina William D. Merrick, Maryland Jacob W. Miller, New Jersey James T. Morehead, Kentucky James A. Pearce, Maryland Samuel S. Phelps, Vermont Augustus S. Porter, Michigan William C. Rives, Virginia

S-Z James F. Simmons, Rhode Island William Sprague, Rhode Island Nathaniel P. Tallmadge, New York William Upham, Vermont Albert S. White, Indiana William Woodbridge, Michigan

Law and Order

John B. Francis, Rhode Island

House of Representatives

Members of the House of Representatives were elected by popular vote, variously to single member districts or at-large.

Democratic

A-B-C Joseph H. Anderson, New York Archibald H. Arrington, North Carolina Archibald Atkinson, Virginia Thomas H. Bayly, Virginia . Samuel Beardsley, New York . James E. Belser, Alabama Charles S. Benton, New York Benjamin A. Bidlack, Pennsylvania Edward J. Black, Georgia James Black, Pennsylvania James A. Black, South Carolina Julius W. Blackwell, Tennessee Pierre E. J. B. Bossier, Louisiana Gustavus M. Bower, Missouri James B. Bowlin, Missouri Linn Boyd, Kentucky Henry R. Brinkerhoff, Ohio Jacob Brinkerhoff, Ohio Richard Brodhead, Pennsylvania Aaron V. Brown, Tennessee William J. Brown, Indiana Edmund Burke, New Hampshire Armistead Burt, South Carolina George A. Caldwell, Kentucky John Campbell, South Carolina Levi D. Carpenter, New York Jeremiah E. Cary, New York Shepard Cary, Maine . George S. Catlin, Connecticut Augustus A. Chapman]], Virginia Reuben Chapman, Alabama James G. Clinton, New York Howell Cobb, Georgia Walter Coles, Virginia Mark A. Cooper, Georgia Edward Cross, Arkansas Alvan Cullom, Tennessee D-E-F Amasa Dana, New York John R. J. Daniel, North Carolina John W. Davis, Indiana Richard D. Davis, New York John B. Dawson, Louisiana Ezra Dean, Ohio Paul Dillingham, Jr., Vermont Stephen A. Douglas, Illinois George C. Dromgoole, Virginia Alexander Duncan, Ohio Robert P. Dunlap, Maine Chesselden Ellis, New York Lucius Q. C. Elmer, New Jersey Isaac G. Farlee, New Jersey Orlando B. Ficklin, Illinois Henry D. Foster, Pennsylvania Richard French, Kentucky George Fuller, Pennsylvania

G-H-I Thomas W. Gilmer, Virginia Byram Green, New York John P. Hale, New Hampshire Hannibal Hamlin, Maine William H. Hammett, Mississippi Hugh A. Haralson, Georgia Samuel Hays, Pennsylvania Thomas J. Henley, Indiana Joshua Herrick, Maine Joseph P. Hoge, Illinois Isaac E. Holmes, South Carolina George W. Hopkins, Virginia George S. Houston, Alabama Edmund W. Hubard, Virginia William S. Hubbell, New York James M. Hughes, Missouri Orville Hungerford, New York James B. Hunt, Michigan Charles J. Ingersoll, Pennsylvania J-K-L John Jameson, Missouri Andrew Johnson, Tennessee Cave Johnson, Tennessee George W. Jones, Tennessee John W. Jones, Virginia Andrew Kennedy, Indiana Preston King, New York Littleton Kirkpatrick, New Jersey Alcée L. La Branche, Louisiana John B. Lamar, Georgia Moses G. Leonard, New York Dixon H. Lewis, Alabama William Lucas, Virginia John H. Lumpkin, Lucius Lyon, Michigan M-N-O William B. Maclay, New York James Mathews, Ohio William C. McCauslen, Ohio Robert McClelland , Michigan John A. McClernand, Illinois Felix G. McConnell, Alabama Joseph J. McDowell, Ohio James I. McKay, North Carolina John Millen, Georgia Heman Allen Moore, Ohio Joseph Morris, Ohio Isaac E. Morse, Louisiana Henry C. Murphy, New York Moses Norris, Jr. , New Hampshire Robert D. Owen, Indiana

P-Q-R William Parmenter, Massachusetts William W. Payne, Alabama John Pettit, Indiana Emery D. Potter, Ohio Zadock Pratt, New York Smith M. Purdy, New York George O. Rathbun, New York Almon H. Read, Pennsylvania . John R. Reding, New Hampshire David S. Reid, North Carolina James H. Relfe , Missouri R. Barnwell Rhett, South Carolina John Ritter, Pennsylvania Robert W. Roberts, Mississippi Orville Robinson, New York Jeremiah Russell, New York S-T-U-V Romulus M. Saunders, North Carolina David L. Seymour, New York Thomas H. Seymour, Connecticut Samuel Simons, Connecticut Richard F. Simpson, South Carolina John Slidell, Louisiana John T. Smith, Pennsylvania Robert Smith, Illinois Robert B. Smith, South Carolina Thomas Smith, Indiana Henry St. John, Ohio Lewis Steenrod, Virginia Lemuel Stetson, New York John Stewart, Connecticut William H. Stiles, Georgia Alfred P. Stone, Ohio James W. Stone, Kentucky Selah B. Strong, New York George Sykes, New Jersey William Taylor, Virginia Jacob Thompson, Mississippi John W. Tibbatts, Kentucky Tilghman M. Tucker, Mississippi W-X-Y-Z John B. Weller, Ohio John Wentworth, Illinois Horace Wheaton, New York Benjamin White, Maine William Wilkins, Pennsylvania Henry Williams, Massachusetts Henry A. Wise, Virginia Joseph A. Woodward, South Carolina Joseph A. Wright, Indiana William L. Yancey, Alabama Jacob S. Yost, Pennsylvania

Whig

A-B-C Amos Abbott, Massachusetts John Quincy Adams, Massachusetts John B. Ashe, Tennessee Osmyn Baker, Massachusetts Daniel D. Barnard, New York Daniel M. Barringer, North Carolina Francis Brengle , Maryland Jeremiah Brown, Pennsylvania Milton Brown, Tennessee Joseph Buffington, Pennsylvania Barker Burnell , Massachusetts Charles H. Carroll, New York John M. S. Causin, Maryland Absalom H. Chappell, Georgia Samuel Chilton, Virginia Duncan L. Clinch, Georgia Thomas L. Clingman, North Carolina Jacob Collamer, Vermont D-E-F Cornelius Darragh, Pennsylvania Garrett Davis, Kentucky Edmund Deberry, North Carolina James Dellet, Alabama John Dickey, Pennsylvania David W. Dickinson, Tennessee Hamilton Fish, New York Elias Florence, Ohio Solomon Foot, Vermont Henry Frick, Pennsylvania .

G-H-I Joshua R. Giddings, Ohio William L. Goggin, Virginia Willis Green, Kentucky Henry Grider, Kentucky Joseph Grinnell, Massachusetts Edward S. Hamlin, Ohio John J. Hardin, Illinois Alexander Harper, Ohio Charles Hudson, Massachusetts Washington Hunt, New York Joseph R. Ingersoll, Pennsylvania James Irvin), Pennsylvania J-K-L Michael H. Jenks, Pennsylvania Perley B. Johnson, Ohio John P. Kennedy, Maryland Daniel P. King, Massachusetts M-N-O George P. Marsh, Vermont Abraham R. McIlvaine, Pennsylvania Edward Joy Morris, Pennsylvania Freeman H. Morse, Maine William A. Moseley, New York Willoughby Newton, Virginia

P-Q-R Thomas J. Patterson, New York Joseph H. Peyton, Tennessee J. Phillips Phoenix, New York James Pollock, Pennsylvania Jacob A. Preston, Maryland Alexander Ramsey, Pennsylvania Kenneth Rayner, North Carolina Charles M. Reed, Pennsylvania Julius Rockwell, Massachusetts George B. Rodney, Delaware Charles Rogers, New York S-T-U-V Samuel C. Sample Indiana Robert C. Schenck, Ohio William T. Senter, Tennessee Luther Severance, Maine Albert Smith, New York Caleb B. Smith, Indiana Thomas A. Spence, Maryland Alexander H. Stephens, Georgia. Andrew Stewart, Pennsylvania George W. Summers, Virginia William P. Thomasson, Kentucky Daniel R. Tilden, Ohio Asher Tyler, New York Joseph Vance, Ohio John I. Vanmeter, Ohio Samuel F. Vinton, Ohio W-X-Y-Z John Wethered, Maryland John White, Kentucky Robert C. Winthrop, Massachusetts

Independent Democratic

Henry Nes, Pennsylvania

Independent Whig

William Wright, New Jersey

Law and Order

Henry Y. Cranston, Rhode Island Elisha R. Potter, Rhode Island

Membership Changes

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

Senate replacements: 7 Democrats (D) : no net change Whigs (W) : 1 seat net loss Law and Order (LO) : 1 seat net gain deaths: 3 resignations: 5 interim appointments: 1 Total seats with changes: 10

House of Representatives replacements: 14 Democrats (D) : 6 seat net loss Whigs (W) : 6 seat net gain deaths: 7 resignations: 7 contested election: 0 Total seats with changes: 16

Officers

Senate Secretary of the Senate: Asbury Dickens of North Carolina elected December 12, 1836. Sergeant at Arms of the Senate: Edward Dyer of Maryland, elected March 8, 1841. Chaplain of the Senate The Rev. Septimus Tustin, Presbyterian, elected June 12, 1841.

House of Representatives Clerk of the House: Caleb J. McNulty of Ohio, elected December 6, 1843, dismissed January 18, 1845. Benjamin B. French of New Hampshire, elected January 18, 1845. Sergeant at Arms of the House: Newton Lane of Kentucky, elected December 6, 1843. Doorkeeper of the House: Jesse E. Dow of Connecticut, elected December 6, 1843. Postmaster of the House: John M. Johnson of Virginia, elected January 4, 1844. Chaplain of the House The Rev. Isaac S. Tinsley, Baptist, elected December 4, 1843. The Rev. William M. Daily, Methodist, elected December 4, 1844.