31st United States Congress: Difference between revisions

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m (Text replacement - "Ohio" to "Ohio")
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* [[Henry Clay]], ''[[Kentucky (U.S. state)|Kentucky]]''   
* [[Henry Clay]], ''[[Kentucky (U.S. state)|Kentucky]]''   
* [[James Cooper (Pennsylvania)|James Cooper]], ''[[Pennsylvania]]''   
* [[James Cooper (Pennsylvania)|James Cooper]], ''[[Pennsylvania]]''   
* [[Thomas Corwin]], ''[[Ohio]]''  
* [[Thomas Corwin]], ''[[Ohio (U.S. state)|Ohio]]''  
* [[John Davis (Massachusetts Governor)|John Davis]], ''[[Massachusetts]]''   
* [[John Davis (Massachusetts Governor)|John Davis]], ''[[Massachusetts]]''   
* [[John Davis (Massachusetts Governor)|John Davis]], ''[[Massachusetts]]''   
* [[John Davis (Massachusetts Governor)|John Davis]], ''[[Massachusetts]]''   
* [[William Crosby Dawson|William C. Dawson]], ''[[Georgia]]''   
* [[William Crosby Dawson|William C. Dawson]], ''[[Georgia]]''   
* [[William L. Dayton]], ''[[New Jersey]]''   
* [[William L. Dayton]], ''[[New Jersey]]''   
* [[Thomas Ewing]], ''[[Ohio]]''  
* [[Thomas Ewing]], ''[[Ohio (U.S. state)|Ohio]]''  
|
|
:'''G-R'''     
:'''G-R'''     
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|- valign=top   
|   
|   
* [[Salmon P. Chase]], ''[[Ohio]]''   
* [[Salmon P. Chase]], ''[[Ohio (U.S. state)|Ohio]]''   
* [[John P. Hale]], ''[[New Hampshire]]''   
* [[John P. Hale]], ''[[New Hampshire]]''   
|}
|}
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* [[Alexander W. Buel]], ''[[Michigan]]''   
* [[Alexander W. Buel]], ''[[Michigan]]''   
* [[Armistead Burt]], ''[[South Carolina]]''   
* [[Armistead Burt]], ''[[South Carolina]]''   
* [[Joseph Cable]], ''[[Ohio]]''   
* [[Joseph Cable]], ''[[Ohio (U.S. state)|Ohio]]''   
* [[George Caldwell|George A. Caldwell]], ''[[Kentucky (U.S. state)|Kentucky]]''   
* [[George Caldwell|George A. Caldwell]], ''[[Kentucky (U.S. state)|Kentucky]]''   
* [[David K. Cartter]], ''[[Ohio]]''   
* [[David K. Cartter]], ''[[Ohio (U.S. state)|Ohio]]''   
* [[Chauncey Fitch Cleveland|Chauncey F. Cleveland]], ''[[Connecticut (U.S. state)|Connecticut]]''   
* [[Chauncey Fitch Cleveland|Chauncey F. Cleveland]], ''[[Connecticut (U.S. state)|Connecticut]]''   
* [[Howell Cobb]], ''[[Georgia]]''   
* [[Howell Cobb]], ''[[Georgia]]''   
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* [[John Reeves Jones Daniel|John R. J. Daniel]], ''[[North Carolina]]''   
* [[John Reeves Jones Daniel|John R. J. Daniel]], ''[[North Carolina]]''   
* [[Joel Buchanan Danner|Joel B. Danner]], ''[[Pennsylvania]]''  
* [[Joel Buchanan Danner|Joel B. Danner]], ''[[Pennsylvania]]''  
* [[Rodolphus Dickinson]], ''[[Ohio]]''
* [[Rodolphus Dickinson]], ''[[Ohio (U.S. state)|Ohio]]''
* [[Milo Melankthon Dimmick|Milo M. Dimmick]], ''[[Pennsylvania]]''   
* [[Milo Melankthon Dimmick|Milo M. Dimmick]], ''[[Pennsylvania]]''   
* [[David T. Disney]], ''[[Ohio]]''   
* [[David T. Disney]], ''[[Ohio (U.S. state)|Ohio]]''   
* [[James Duane Doty|James D. Doty]], ''[[Wisconsin]]''   
* [[James Duane Doty|James D. Doty]], ''[[Wisconsin]]''   
* [[Cyrus L. Dunham]], ''[[Indiana (U.S. state)|Indiana]]''   
* [[Cyrus L. Dunham]], ''[[Indiana (U.S. state)|Indiana]]''   
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* [[Thomas L. Harris]], ''[[Illinois (U.S. state)]]''   
* [[Thomas L. Harris]], ''[[Illinois (U.S. state)]]''   
* [[Harry Hibbard]], ''[[New Hampshire]]''   
* [[Harry Hibbard]], ''[[New Hampshire]]''   
* [[Moses Hoagland]], ''[[Ohio]]''   
* [[Moses Hoagland]], ''[[Ohio (U.S. state)|Ohio]]''   
* [[Alexander Holladay|Alexander R. Holladay]], ''[[Virginia]]''   
* [[Alexander Holladay|Alexander R. Holladay]], ''[[Virginia]]''   
* [[Isaac E. Holmes]], ''[[South Carolina]]''   
* [[Isaac E. Holmes]], ''[[South Carolina]]''   
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* [[William McWillie]], ''[[Mississippi (U.S. state)|Mississippi]]''   
* [[William McWillie]], ''[[Mississippi (U.S. state)|Mississippi]]''   
* [[Richard K. Meade]], ''[[Virginia]]''   
* [[Richard K. Meade]], ''[[Virginia]]''   
* [[John K. Miller]], ''[[Ohio]]''   
* [[John K. Miller]], ''[[Ohio (U.S. state)|Ohio]]''   
* [[John S. Millson]], ''[[Virginia]]''   
* [[John S. Millson]], ''[[Virginia]]''   
* [[Jonathan D. Morris]], ''[[Ohio]]''   
* [[Jonathan D. Morris]], ''[[Ohio (U.S. state)|Ohio]]''   
* [[George W. Morrison]], ''[[New Hampshire]]''  
* [[George W. Morrison]], ''[[New Hampshire]]''  
* [[Isaac Edward Morse|Isaac E. Morse]], ''[[Louisiana (U.S. state)|Louisiana]]''   
* [[Isaac Edward Morse|Isaac E. Morse]], ''[[Louisiana (U.S. state)|Louisiana]]''   
* [[Alexander Newman]], ''[[Virginia]]''
* [[Alexander Newman]], ''[[Virginia]]''
* [[Edson B. Olds]], ''[[Ohio]]''   
* [[Edson B. Olds]], ''[[Ohio (U.S. state)|Ohio]]''   
* [[James Lawrence Orr|James L. Orr]], ''[[South Carolina]]''   
* [[James Lawrence Orr|James L. Orr]], ''[[South Carolina]]''   
|
|
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* [[Alexander G. Penn]], ''[[Louisiana (U.S. state)|Louisiana]]''
* [[Alexander G. Penn]], ''[[Louisiana (U.S. state)|Louisiana]]''
* [[John S. Phelps]], ''[[Missouri]]''   
* [[John S. Phelps]], ''[[Missouri]]''   
* [[Emery D. Potter]], ''[[Ohio]]''   
* [[Emery D. Potter]], ''[[Ohio (U.S. state)|Ohio]]''   
* [[Paulus Powell]], ''[[Virginia]]''   
* [[Paulus Powell]], ''[[Virginia]]''   
* [[William Alexander Richardson|William A. Richardson]], ''[[Illinois (U.S. state)]]''   
* [[William Alexander Richardson|William A. Richardson]], ''[[Illinois (U.S. state)]]''   
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* [[Charles Stetson]], ''[[Maine (U.S. state)|Maine]]''   
* [[Charles Stetson]], ''[[Maine (U.S. state)|Maine]]''   
* [[William Strong (judge)|William Strong]], ''[[Pennsylvania]]''   
* [[William Strong (judge)|William Strong]], ''[[Pennsylvania]]''   
* [[Charles Sweetser]], ''[[Ohio]]''   
* [[Charles Sweetser]], ''[[Ohio (U.S. state)|Ohio]]''   
* [[James Houston Thomas|James H. Thomas]], ''[[Tennessee (U.S. state)|Tennessee]]''   
* [[James Houston Thomas|James H. Thomas]], ''[[Tennessee (U.S. state)|Tennessee]]''   
* [[Jacob Thompson]], ''[[Mississippi (U.S. state)|Mississippi]]''   
* [[Jacob Thompson]], ''[[Mississippi (U.S. state)|Mississippi]]''   
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* [[Marshall Johnson Wellborn|Marshall J. Wellborn]], ''[[Georgia]]''   
* [[Marshall Johnson Wellborn|Marshall J. Wellborn]], ''[[Georgia]]''   
* [[John Wentworth (mayor)|John Wentworth]], ''[[Illinois (U.S. state)]]''   
* [[John Wentworth (mayor)|John Wentworth]], ''[[Illinois (U.S. state)]]''   
* [[William A. Whittlesey]], ''[[Ohio]]''   
* [[William A. Whittlesey]], ''[[Ohio (U.S. state)|Ohio]]''   
* [[Isaac Wildrick]], ''[[New Jersey]]''   
* [[Isaac Wildrick]], ''[[New Jersey]]''   
* [[David Wilmot]], ''[[Pennsylvania]]''   
* [[David Wilmot]], ''[[Pennsylvania]]''   
* [[Amos E. Wood]], ''[[Ohio]]''  
* [[Amos E. Wood]], ''[[Ohio (U.S. state)|Ohio]]''  
* [[Joseph A. Woodward]], ''[[South Carolina]]''   
* [[Joseph A. Woodward]], ''[[South Carolina]]''   
* [[Timothy R. Young]], ''[[Illinois (U.S. state)]]''   
* [[Timothy R. Young]], ''[[Illinois (U.S. state)]]''   
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* [[George Ashmun]], ''[[Massachusetts]]''   
* [[George Ashmun]], ''[[Massachusetts]]''   
* [[Edward Dickinson Baker|Edward D. Baker]], ''[[Illinois (U.S. state)]]''   
* [[Edward Dickinson Baker|Edward D. Baker]], ''[[Illinois (U.S. state)]]''   
* [[John Bell (Ohio politician)|John Bell]], ''[[Ohio]]''  
* [[John Bell (Ohio politician)|John Bell]], ''[[Ohio (U.S. state)|Ohio]]''  
* [[Henry Bennett (US politician)|Henry Bennett]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]''   
* [[Henry Bennett (US politician)|Henry Bennett]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]''   
* [[David A. Bokee]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]''   
* [[David A. Bokee]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]''   
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* [[Joseph Pearson Caldwell|Joseph P. Caldwell]], ''[[North Carolina]]''   
* [[Joseph Pearson Caldwell|Joseph P. Caldwell]], ''[[North Carolina]]''   
* [[Samuel Calvin]], ''[[Pennsylvania]]''   
* [[Samuel Calvin]], ''[[Pennsylvania]]''   
* [[Lewis D. Campbell]], ''[[Ohio]]''   
* [[Lewis D. Campbell]], ''[[Ohio (U.S. state)|Ohio]]''   
* [[Joseph Casey (congressman)|Joseph Casey]], ''[[Pennsylvania]]''   
* [[Joseph Casey (congressman)|Joseph Casey]], ''[[Pennsylvania]]''   
* [[Joseph Ripley Chandler|Joseph R. Chandler]], ''[[Pennsylvania]]''   
* [[Joseph Ripley Chandler|Joseph R. Chandler]], ''[[Pennsylvania]]''   
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* [[Harmon S. Conger]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]''   
* [[Harmon S. Conger]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]''   
* [[Charles Magill Conrad|Charles M. Conrad]], ''[[Louisiana (U.S. state)|Louisiana]]''  
* [[Charles Magill Conrad|Charles M. Conrad]], ''[[Louisiana (U.S. state)|Louisiana]]''  
* [[Moses Bledso Corwin|Moses B. Corwin]], ''[[Ohio]]''   
* [[Moses Bledso Corwin|Moses B. Corwin]], ''[[Ohio (U.S. state)|Ohio]]''   
* [[John Crowell (Ohio)|John Crowell]], ''[[Ohio]]''   
* [[John Crowell (Ohio)|John Crowell]], ''[[Ohio (U.S. state)|Ohio]]''   
:'''D-E-F'''     
:'''D-E-F'''     
* [[Edmund Deberry]], ''[[North Carolina]]''   
* [[Edmund Deberry]], ''[[North Carolina]]''   
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* [[Samuel Atkins Eliot (politician)|Samuel A. Eliot]], ''[[Massachusetts]]''
* [[Samuel Atkins Eliot (politician)|Samuel A. Eliot]], ''[[Massachusetts]]''
* [[Alexander Evans]], ''[[Maryland]]''   
* [[Alexander Evans]], ''[[Maryland]]''   
* [[Nathan Evans (representative)|Nathan Evans]], ''[[Ohio]]''   
* [[Nathan Evans (representative)|Nathan Evans]], ''[[Ohio (U.S. state)|Ohio]]''   
* [[Orin Fowler]], ''[[Massachusetts]]''   
* [[Orin Fowler]], ''[[Massachusetts]]''   
* [[John Freedley]], ''[[Pennsylvania]]''   
* [[John Freedley]], ''[[Pennsylvania]]''   
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* [[Henry W. Hilliard]], ''[[Alabama (U.S. state)]]''   
* [[Henry W. Hilliard]], ''[[Alabama (U.S. state)]]''   
* [[John W. Houston]], ''[[Delaware (U.S. state)|Delaware]]''   
* [[John W. Houston]], ''[[Delaware (U.S. state)|Delaware]]''   
* [[William F. Hunter]], ''[[Ohio]]''   
* [[William F. Hunter]], ''[[Ohio (U.S. state)|Ohio]]''   
:'''J-K-L'''     
:'''J-K-L'''     
* [[William Terry Jackson|William T. Jackson]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]''   
* [[William Terry Jackson|William T. Jackson]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]''   
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:'''S-T-U-V'''     
:'''S-T-U-V'''     
* [[William A. Sackett]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]''   
* [[William A. Sackett]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]''   
* [[Robert C. Schenck]], ''[[Ohio]]''   
* [[Robert C. Schenck]], ''[[Ohio (U.S. state)|Ohio]]''   
* [[Abraham M. Schermerhorn]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]''   
* [[Abraham M. Schermerhorn]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]''   
* [[John L. Schoolcraft]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]''   
* [[John L. Schoolcraft]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]''   
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* [[Alexander Stephens|Alexander H. Stephens]], ''[[Georgia]]''   
* [[Alexander Stephens|Alexander H. Stephens]], ''[[Georgia]]''   
* [[Thaddeus Stevens]], ''[[Pennsylvania]]''   
* [[Thaddeus Stevens]], ''[[Pennsylvania]]''   
* [[John L. Taylor]], ''[[Ohio]]''   
* [[John L. Taylor]], ''[[Ohio (U.S. state)|Ohio]]''   
* [[John Burton Thompson|John B. Thompson]], ''[[Kentucky (U.S. state)|Kentucky]]''   
* [[John Burton Thompson|John B. Thompson]], ''[[Kentucky (U.S. state)|Kentucky]]''   
* [[John R. Thurman]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]''   
* [[John R. Thurman]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]''   
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* [[Walter Underhill]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]''   
* [[Walter Underhill]], ''[[New York (disambiguation)|New York]]''   
* [[John Van Dyke]], ''[[New Jersey]]''   
* [[John Van Dyke]], ''[[New Jersey]]''   
* [[Samuel Finley Vinton|Samuel F. Vinton]], ''[[Ohio]]''   
* [[Samuel Finley Vinton|Samuel F. Vinton]], ''[[Ohio (U.S. state)|Ohio]]''   
:'''W-X-Y-Z'''     
:'''W-X-Y-Z'''     
* [[Albert Galiton Watkins|Albert G. Watkins]], ''[[Tennessee (U.S. state)|Tennessee]]''   
* [[Albert Galiton Watkins|Albert G. Watkins]], ''[[Tennessee (U.S. state)|Tennessee]]''   
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|
|
:'''G-O'''     
:'''G-O'''     
* [[Joshua Reed Giddings|Joshua R. Giddings]], ''[[Ohio]]''   
* [[Joshua Reed Giddings|Joshua R. Giddings]], ''[[Ohio (U.S. state)|Ohio]]''   
* [[John W. Howe]], ''[[Pennsylvania]]''   
* [[John W. Howe]], ''[[Pennsylvania]]''   
* [[George Washington Julian|George W. Julian]], ''[[Indiana (U.S. state)|Indiana]]''   
* [[George Washington Julian|George W. Julian]], ''[[Indiana (U.S. state)|Indiana]]''   
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|
|
:'''P-Z'''     
:'''P-Z'''     
* [[Joseph M. Root]], ''[[Ohio]]''   
* [[Joseph M. Root]], ''[[Ohio (U.S. state)|Ohio]]''   
* [[Amos Tuck]], ''[[New Hampshire]]''   
* [[Amos Tuck]], ''[[New Hampshire]]''   
  |}
  |}

Revision as of 09:32, 28 June 2023

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United States Capitol

The Thirty-first United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1849 to March 3, 1851, during the administration of U.S. President Zachary Taylor and the first months of the administration of his successor, U.S. President Millard Fillmore.

The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the Sixth Census of the United States in 1840. The Senate had a Democratic majority, while there was a Democratic plurality in the House.

Dates of sessions

March 4, 1849 - March 3, 1851

  • Special session of the Senate: March 5, 1849 - March 23, 184
  • First session: December 3, 1849 - September 30, 1850
  • Second session: December 2, 1850 - March 3, 1851
  • Previous congress: 30th Congress
  • Next congress: 32nd Congress

Party summary

The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.

Senate

TOTAL members: 62

House of Representatives

TOTAL members: 233

Leadership

Senate
House of Representatives

Major events

Events of 1849, 1850 and 1851

Major legislation

List of United States federal legislation in the 31st Congress

Membership highlights by chamber

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and Representatives are listed by district.

Senate

Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1850; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1852; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1854.

Alabama
Arkansas
California
Connecticut
Delaware
Florida
Georgia
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Mississippi
Missouri
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New York
North Carolina
Ohio
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
Tennessee
Texas
Vermont
Virginia
Wisconsin

House of Representatives

The names of members of the House of Representatives elected statewide on the general ticket or otherwise at-large, are preceded by an "A/L," and the names of those elected from districts, whether plural or single member, are preceded by their district numbers.

Many of the congressional district numbers are linked to articles describing the district itself. Since the boundaries of the districts have changed often and substantially, the linked article may only describe the district as it exists today, and not as it was at the time of this Congress.

Alabama
Arkansas
California [1]
Connecticut
Delaware
Florida
Georgia
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Mississippi
Missouri
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New York
North Carolina
Ohio
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
Tennessee
Texas
Vermont
Virginia
Wisconsin

Delegates

Minnesota Territory
Oregon Territory

Membership detail by state

Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1850; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1852; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1854.

The names of members of the House of Representatives elected statewide on the general ticket or otherwise at-large, are preceded by an "A/L," and the names of those elected from districts, whether plural or single member, are preceded by their district numbers.

Many of the congressional district numbers are linked to articles describing the district itself. Since the boundaries of the districts have changed often and substantially, the linked article may only describe the district as it exists today, and not as it was at the time of this Congress.

The list below is arranged by state, then by chamber. Senators are shown in order of seniority, House members in district order.

Alabama

Senate
House of Representatives (7 seats)

Arkansas

Senate
House of Representatives (1 seat)

California

Senate
House of Representatives (2 seats) [2]

Connecticut

Senate
House of Representatives (4 seats)

Delaware

Senate
House of Representatives (1 seat)

Florida

Senate
House of Representatives (1 seat)

Georgia

Senate
House of Representatives (8 seats)

Illinois

Senate
House of Representatives (7 seats)

Indiana

Senate
House of Representatives (10 seats)

Iowa

Senate
House of Representatives (2 seats)

Kentucky

Senate
House of Representatives (10 seats)

Louisiana

Senate
House of Representatives (4 seats)

Maine

Senate
House of Representatives (7 seats)

Maryland

Senate
House of Representatives ( seats)

Massachusetts

Senate
House of Representatives (10 seats)

Michigan

Senate
House of Representatives (3 seats)

Mississippi

Senate
House of Representatives (4 seats)

Missouri

Senate
House of Representatives (5 seats)

New Hampshire

Senate
House of Representatives (4 seats)

New Jersey

Senate
House of Representatives (5 seats)

New York

Senate
House of Representatives (34 seats)

North Carolina

Senate
House of Representatives ( seats)

Ohio

Senate
House of Representatives (21 seats)

Pennsylvania

Senate
House of Representatives (24 seats)

Rhode Island

Senate
House of Representatives (2 seats)

South Carolina

Senate
House of Representatives (7 seats)

Tennessee

Senate
House of Representatives (11 seats)

Texas

Senate
House of Representatives (2 seats)

Vermont

Senate
House of Representatives (4 seats)

Virginia

Senate
House of Representatives (15 seats)

Wisconsin

Senate
House of Representatives (3 seats)

Delegates

Minnesota Territory
  • A/L: Henry H. Sibley (1811-1891), …newly formed territory, seated December 3, 1849.
Oregon Territory


Membership detail by Chamber/Party

The list below is arranged by chamber, then by political party. Members are shown in alphabetical order.

Senate

Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress.

Democratic
A-F
G-R
S-Z
Whig
A-F
G-R
S-Z
Free Soil

House of Representatives

Members of the House of Representatives were elected by popular vote, variously to single member districts or at-large.

Democratic
A-B-C
D-E-F
G-H-I
J-K-L
M-N-O
P-Q-R
S-T-U-V
W-X-Y-Z
Whig
A-B-C
D-E-F
G-H-I
J-K-L
M-N-O
P-Q-R
S-T-U-V
W-X-Y-Z
Free Soil
A-F
G-O
P-Z
American
Independent

Membership Changes

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

Senate
  • replacements: 5
  • deaths: 1
  • resignations: 3
  • seats from newly admitted states: 2
  • interim appointments: 4
  • Total seats with changes: 8
House of Representatives
  • replacements: 11
  • deaths: 8
  • resignations: 5
  • contested election:1
  • seats from newly admitted states: 2
  • Total seats with changes: 16

Officers

Senate
House of Representatives

Notes

  1. ↑ All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.
  2. ↑ Both representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.
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