Alcoholic hepatitis: Difference between revisions
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[[Corticosteroid]]s may help in severe cases.<ref name="pmid18363896">{{ | |||
[[Corticosteroid]]s may help in severe cases, but not all cases according to a [[meta-analysis]]. <ref name="pmid18363896">{{cite journal| author=Rambaldi A, Saconato HH, Christensen E, Thorlund K, Wetterslev J, Gluud C| title=Systematic review: glucocorticosteroids for alcoholic hepatitis--a Cochrane Hepato-Biliary Group systematic review with meta-analyses and trial sequential analyses of randomized clinical trials. | journal=Aliment Pharmacol Ther | year= 2008 | volume= 27 | issue= 12 | pages= 1167-78 | pmid=18363896 | doi=10.1111/j.1365-2036.2008.03685.x | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18363896 }} </ref> In this study, the [[relative risk ratio]] of [[glucocorticosteroids for patients with severe hepatitis]] for mortality at various times was 0.4 and the [[relative risk reduction]] was 63%. In populations similar to those in this study which had a rate of risk as measured by the mortality at various times of 38% without treatment, the [[number needed to treat]] is 4. <ref name="pmid18363896"/> | |||
The role of [[pentoxifylline]] is uncertain.<ref name="pmid19821406">{{cite journal| author=Whitfield K, Rambaldi A, Wetterslev J, Gluud C| title=Pentoxifylline for alcoholic hepatitis. | journal=Cochrane Database Syst Rev | year= 2009 | volume= | issue= 4 | pages= CD007339 | pmid=19821406 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=clinical.uthscsa.edu/cite&email=badgett@uthscdsa.edu&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19821406 | doi=10.1002/14651858.CD007339.pub2 }}</ref> "Treatment with PTX improves short-term survival in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis" according to a [[randomized controlled trial]]. <ref name="pmid11113085">{{cite journal| author=Akriviadis E, Botla R, Briggs W, Han S, Reynolds T, Shakil O| title=Pentoxifylline improves short-term survival in severe acute alcoholic hepatitis: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. | journal=Gastroenterology | year= 2000 | volume= 119 | issue= 6 | pages= 1637-48 | pmid=11113085 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11113085 }} </ref> In this trial, the [[relative risk ratio]] of [[pentoxifylline ]] for mortality during hospitalization was 0.5 and the [[relative risk reduction]] was 45.7%. In populations similar to those in this study which had a rate of risk as measured by the mortality during hospitalization of 46% without treatment, the [[number needed to treat]] is 5. <ref name="pmid11113085"/> | The role of [[pentoxifylline]] is uncertain.<ref name="pmid19821406">{{cite journal| author=Whitfield K, Rambaldi A, Wetterslev J, Gluud C| title=Pentoxifylline for alcoholic hepatitis. | journal=Cochrane Database Syst Rev | year= 2009 | volume= | issue= 4 | pages= CD007339 | pmid=19821406 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=clinical.uthscsa.edu/cite&email=badgett@uthscdsa.edu&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19821406 | doi=10.1002/14651858.CD007339.pub2 }}</ref> "Treatment with PTX improves short-term survival in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis" according to a [[randomized controlled trial]]. <ref name="pmid11113085">{{cite journal| author=Akriviadis E, Botla R, Briggs W, Han S, Reynolds T, Shakil O| title=Pentoxifylline improves short-term survival in severe acute alcoholic hepatitis: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. | journal=Gastroenterology | year= 2000 | volume= 119 | issue= 6 | pages= 1637-48 | pmid=11113085 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11113085 }} </ref> In this trial, the [[relative risk ratio]] of [[pentoxifylline ]] for mortality during hospitalization was 0.5 and the [[relative risk reduction]] was 45.7%. In populations similar to those in this study which had a rate of risk as measured by the mortality during hospitalization of 46% without treatment, the [[number needed to treat]] is 5. <ref name="pmid11113085"/> | ||
Revision as of 12:18, 31 January 2012
In gastroenterology, alcoholic hepatitis is "inflammation of the liver due to alcohol abuse. It is characterized by necrosis of hepatocytes, infiltration by neutrophils, and deposit of mallory hyaline bodies. depending on its severity, the inflammatory lesion may be reversible or progress to liver cirrhosis."[1]A practice guideline is available from the American College of Gastroenterology.[2]
Treatment
Corticosteroids may help in severe cases, but not all cases according to a meta-analysis. [3] In this study, the relative risk ratio of glucocorticosteroids for patients with severe hepatitis for mortality at various times was 0.4 and the relative risk reduction was 63%. In populations similar to those in this study which had a rate of risk as measured by the mortality at various times of 38% without treatment, the number needed to treat is 4. [3]
The role of pentoxifylline is uncertain.[4] "Treatment with PTX improves short-term survival in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis" according to a randomized controlled trial. [5] In this trial, the relative risk ratio of pentoxifylline for mortality during hospitalization was 0.5 and the relative risk reduction was 45.7%. In populations similar to those in this study which had a rate of risk as measured by the mortality during hospitalization of 46% without treatment, the number needed to treat is 5. [5]
"Although combination therapy with prednisolone plus N-acetylcysteine increased 1-month survival among patients with severe acute alcoholic hepatitis, 6-month survival, the primary outcome, was not improved" according to a randomized controlled trial. [6] In this trial, the relative risk ratio of N-acetylcysteine for mortality at one month was 0.3 and the relative risk reduction was 66.7%. In populations similar to those in this study which had a rate of risk as measured by the mortality at one month of 24% without treatment, the number needed to treat is 6. [6]
References
- ↑ Anonymous (2024), Alcoholic hepatitis (English). Medical Subject Headings. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ↑ "Alcoholic Liver Disease: Proposed Recommendations", Am J Gastroenterol 105: 14–32, 10 November 2009, DOI:10.1038/ajg.2009.593
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Rambaldi A, Saconato HH, Christensen E, Thorlund K, Wetterslev J, Gluud C (2008). "Systematic review: glucocorticosteroids for alcoholic hepatitis--a Cochrane Hepato-Biliary Group systematic review with meta-analyses and trial sequential analyses of randomized clinical trials.". Aliment Pharmacol Ther 27 (12): 1167-78. DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2008.03685.x. PMID 18363896. Research Blogging.
- ↑ Whitfield K, Rambaldi A, Wetterslev J, Gluud C (2009). "Pentoxifylline for alcoholic hepatitis.". Cochrane Database Syst Rev (4): CD007339. DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD007339.pub2. PMID 19821406. Research Blogging.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Akriviadis E, Botla R, Briggs W, Han S, Reynolds T, Shakil O (2000). "Pentoxifylline improves short-term survival in severe acute alcoholic hepatitis: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.". Gastroenterology 119 (6): 1637-48. PMID 11113085. [e]
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Nguyen-Khac E, Thevenot T, Piquet MA, Benferhat S, Goria O, Chatelain D et al. (2011). "Glucocorticoids plus N-acetylcysteine in severe alcoholic hepatitis.". N Engl J Med 365 (19): 1781-9. DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa1101214. PMID 22070475. Research Blogging.