Analytical chemistry

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Analytical chemistry is the sub-discipline of chemistry that determines what constituents are in a sample (i.e., qualitative analysis) and how much of each (i.e., quantitative analysis). In somes cases, a sample is analyzed for an "attribute" related to its chemical content, such as pH, specific gravity, or ash content determination. Analytical chemistry also involves the development of chemical analysis methods instrumentation for routine (such as quality control) and non-routine analyses. There are a great many sub-disciplines, dividing on such criteria as:

  • Focus on atoms vs. molecules
  • Molecules are simple or complex (e.g., polymers and biochemicals)
  • The subjects are primarily organic or inorganic
  • Level of sensitivity required

Introductory remarks

Types of chemical analysis

Traditional ("wet")

Qualitative wet methods

Derivitization

Volumetric

Titration

Gravitimetric

Instrumental

Spectroscopy

pH and Ion-selective (specific) electrodes

Polarimetry

Atomic spectrometry

Separation methods

Separation of different phases

Extraction

Chromatography

Nuclear chemistry