Vietnam War
Vietnam War, also known as the II Indochina War or United State War (in Vietnam), was a conflict which lasted from 1956 to 1975. It saw Sout Vietnam and a multinational task force led by the United States of America with support coming from Republic of Korea[1], Australia, Philiphinas, New Zeland, Thailand, Taiwan and Spain[2] and fighting and defeated by National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam, also known as Viet Cong, and Nort Vietnam.
Origins
North Vietnam and South Vietnam were parts of the French Indochina. In 1957 they won their independence from French Union after the Indochina War and french defeat in Battle of Diem Bien Phu.
In late 50's, in Asia, many new countries were to win their independence from european colonial powers. At the same time the Cold War began and the United States didn't want to lost influence in the World.
In the Geneva Conference, in 1954, both Vietnam according to summon a referendum in July of 1956 to know if the people of Vietnam wanted to form a only one country or not. But Vgo Dinh Diem, president of South Vietnam, knew that to wing that referendum was very dificult because, and this is a key to understand this war for writter like Jonathan Schell, vietnam people wanted to be a one country[1].
In the other hand, the War World II experience, when the Nazi Germany wasn't contain in his expansionistic political, created in the United State political class the idea that the history could repeat again, this time with the Soviet Union and the communism expansion[1]. It was the Domino theory.
Military history
This war had four phases.
From 1956 to 1965 where fighting vitnamits against vietnaminits, but in 1959 died two firsth assesors from United States in Bien Hoa Base. From 1965 to 1968 when South Vietnam Army (ARNV) and United States won in land and they recover area. From 1968 to 1973 when the War was very unpopular in United States and in the rest of the World (speciali afther the Battle of Khe Sanh and the Tet Offensive). From 1973 to 1975 when South Vietnam fought alone against NFL and principally North Vietnam Army (EVN).
Work in Progress
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Shell, Jonathan, En primera líena, Galaxia Gutenberg, Barcelona, 1988, ISBN 84-8109-600-8
- ↑ Ministerio de Defensa of Spain, http://www.mde.es/contenido.jsp?id_nodo=4400&&&keyword=&auditoria=F, last visit 2007/12/9