Pharmacogenomics

From Citizendium
Revision as of 11:27, 12 January 2009 by imported>Robert Badgett (→‎Drug toxicity)
Jump to navigation Jump to search
This article is a stub and thus not approved.
Main Article
Discussion
Related Articles  [?]
Bibliography  [?]
External Links  [?]
Citable Version  [?]
 
This editable Main Article is under development and subject to a disclaimer.

Pharmacogenomics, or pharmacogenetics, is the "branch of genetics which deals with the genetic variability in individual responses to drugs and drug metabolism (biotransformation)."[1]

Drug toxicity

For more information, see: Drug toxicity.

Among drugs frequently cited in adverse drug reactions, 60% are metabolized by enzymes with genetic variations in metabolism. 7% to 22% of randomly selected have such variation.[2]

Examples include:

Genetic screening

Screening for HLA-B*5701 may reduce the incidence of hypersensitivy reactions to abacavir according to a randomized controlled trial.[5]

Drug efficacy

Heart failure and hypertension may be an examples were there are racial variations in responses to drugs. Presumably these variations are due to pharmacogenomics.

References

  1. Anonymous. Pharmacogenetics. National Library of Medicine. Retrieved on 2008-01-22.
  2. Phillips KA, Veenstra DL, Oren E, Lee JK, Sadee W (2001). "Potential role of pharmacogenomics in reducing adverse drug reactions: a systematic review". JAMA 286 (18): 2270–9. PMID 11710893[e]
  3. The SEARCH Collaborative Group. (2008) SLCO1B1 Variants and Statin-Induced Myopathy. New Eng J Med. PMID 18650507
  4. Anonymous. Table of Valid Genomic Biomarkers in the Context of Approved Drug Labels. U.S. Food and Drug Administration
  5. Mallal S, Phillips E, Carosi G, et al (February 2008). "HLA-B*5701 screening for hypersensitivity to abacavir". N. Engl. J. Med. 358 (6): 568–79. DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa0706135. PMID 18256392. Research Blogging.

External links