Lithium: Difference between revisions
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{{Elem_Infobox | |||
|elName=Lithium | |||
|eltrnCfg=1s<sup>2</sup>2s<sup>1</sup> | |||
|no1= | |||
|no2= | |||
|no3= | |||
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|properties=Soft, silver-white metal. Highly reactive and flammable. | |||
|compounds= | |||
|uses=Batteries, medicine, industrial chemicals, rocket propellants | |||
|hazard=Corrosive, highly flammable | |||
}} | |||
'''Lithium''' is a [[Chemical elements|chemical element]], typically found as a [[Solid_(state_of_matter)|solid]] in its elemental form. It has the [[chemical symbol]] Li, [[atomic number]] (number of [[proton]]s) ''Z'' = 3, and a [[Atomic mass#Standard atomic weights of the elements|standard atomic weight]] of 6.941 g/mol. | |||
Lithium is considered to be a member of the "Alkali metal" class of elements. At a [[pressure]] of 101.325 k[[Pascal (unit)|Pa]], it has a [[boiling point]] of 1342 °[[Celsius (unit)|C]], and a [[melting point]] of 180.5 °C. With a density of 0.534 g/cc, it is lighter than water. | |||
==Substance withdrawal syndrome== | |||
[[Substance withdrawal syndrome]] may occur after discontinuing lithium.<ref name="pmid14725588">{{cite journal| author=Cavanagh J, Smyth R, Goodwin GM| title=Relapse into mania or depression following lithium discontinuation: a 7-year follow-up. | journal=Acta Psychiatr Scand | year= 2004 | volume= 109 | issue= 2 | pages= 91-5 | pmid=14725588 | |||
| url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=clinical.uthscsa.edu/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=14725588 }} </ref><ref name="pmid10671384">{{cite journal| author=Viguera AC, Nonacs R, Cohen LS, Tondo L, Murray A, Baldessarini RJ| title=Risk of recurrence of bipolar disorder in pregnant and nonpregnant women after discontinuing lithium maintenance. | journal=Am J Psychiatry | year= 2000 | volume= 157 | issue= 2 | pages= 179-84 | pmid=10671384 | |||
| url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=clinical.uthscsa.edu/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10671384 }} </ref> | |||
==Nuclear engineering== | |||
<sup>6</sup>Li, usually as [[lithium hydride]], is the starting material to generate [[tritium]] in the Secondary of [[fusion device|operational thermonuclear weapons]].<ref>{{citation | |||
| title = Restricted Data Declassification Decisions 1946 to the Present | |||
| id = RDD-7 | |||
| date = 1 January 2001 | |||
| publisher = U.S. Department of Energy | |||
| url = http://www.fas.org/sgp/othergov/doe/rdd-7.html | |||
}}, Section II.P</ref> | |||
==References== | |||
<references/> | |||
Latest revision as of 16:47, 1 January 2021
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Lithium is a chemical element, typically found as a solid in its elemental form. It has the chemical symbol Li, atomic number (number of protons) Z = 3, and a standard atomic weight of 6.941 g/mol.
Lithium is considered to be a member of the "Alkali metal" class of elements. At a pressure of 101.325 kPa, it has a boiling point of 1342 °C, and a melting point of 180.5 °C. With a density of 0.534 g/cc, it is lighter than water.
Substance withdrawal syndrome
Substance withdrawal syndrome may occur after discontinuing lithium.[1][2]
Nuclear engineering
6Li, usually as lithium hydride, is the starting material to generate tritium in the Secondary of operational thermonuclear weapons.[3]
References
- ↑ Cavanagh J, Smyth R, Goodwin GM (2004). "Relapse into mania or depression following lithium discontinuation: a 7-year follow-up.". Acta Psychiatr Scand 109 (2): 91-5. PMID 14725588.
- ↑ Viguera AC, Nonacs R, Cohen LS, Tondo L, Murray A, Baldessarini RJ (2000). "Risk of recurrence of bipolar disorder in pregnant and nonpregnant women after discontinuing lithium maintenance.". Am J Psychiatry 157 (2): 179-84. PMID 10671384.
- ↑ Restricted Data Declassification Decisions 1946 to the Present, U.S. Department of Energy, 1 January 2001, RDD-7, Section II.P