United States Secretary of the Treasury
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The Secretary of the Treasury is a Cabinet member charged with developing fiscal policy for the United States of America and overseeing the Department of the Treasury. The position was established in 1789, giving it the distinction of being one of the two oldest Cabinet positions.[1] The first and most influential secretary was Alexander Hamilton (1789-1794), who established the new nation's finances on a sound bases, and to provide political support created the world's first voter-based political party, the Federalist Party, using the Treasury's national network of supporters.
The Secretary shares with the Chairman of the Federal Reserve System the status as the most powerful decision-maker in financial policy.[2]
In most countries this position is generally known as the Minister of Finance; Britain calls it the Chancellor of the Exchequer. The Secretary is fifth in the line of succession to the Presidency. The current Secretary is Henry Paulson.
Secretaries of the Treasury
Below is a list of the Secretaries of the Treasury along with their dates of service, and the President(s) they served under[3]:
| name | term(s) and appointing President | |||||||||
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| Alexander Hamilton New York |
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| Oliver Wolcott Jr. Connecticut |
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| Samuel Dexter Massachusetts |
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| Albert Gallatin Pennsylvania |
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| George W. Campbell Tennessee |
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| Alexander J. Dallas Pennsylvania |
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| William H. Crawford Georgia |
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| Richard Rush Pennsylvania |
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| Samuel D. Ingham Pennsylvania |
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| Louis McLane Delaware |
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| William J. Duane Pennsylvania |
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| Roger B. Taney Maryland |
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| Levi Woodbury New Hampshire |
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| Thomas Ewing Ohio |
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| Walter Forward Pennsylvania |
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| John C. Spencer New York |
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| George M. Bibb Kentucky |
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| Robert J. Walker Mississippi |
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| William M. Meredith Pennsylvania |
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| Thomas Corwin Ohio |
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| James Guthrie Kentucky |
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| Howell Cobb Georgia |
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| Philip F. Thomas Maryland |
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| John A. Dix New York |
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| Salmon P. Chase Ohio |
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| William P. Fessenden Maine |
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| Hugh McCulloch Indiana |
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| George S. Boutwell Massachusetts |
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| William A. Richardson Massachusetts |
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| Benjamin H. Bristow Kentucky |
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| Lot M. Morrill Maine |
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| John Sherman Ohio |
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| William Windom Minnesota |
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| Charles J. Folger New York |
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| Walter Q. Gresham Indiana |
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| Hugh McCulloch Indiana |
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| Daniel Manning New York |
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| Charles S. Fairchild New York |
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| William Windom Minnesota |
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| Charles Foster Ohio |
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| John G. Carlisle Kentucky |
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| Lyman J. Gage Illinois |
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| Leslie M. Shaw Iowa |
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| George B. Cortelyou New York |
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| Franklin MacVeagh Illinois |
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| William G. McAdoo New York |
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| Carter Glass Virginia |
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| David F. Houston Missouri |
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| Andrew W. Mellon Pennsylvania |
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| Ogden L. Mills New York |
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| William H. Woodin New York |
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| Henry Morgenthau, Jr. New York |
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| Fred M. Vinson Kentucky |
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| John W. Snyder Missouri |
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| George M. Humphrey Ohio |
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| Robert B. Anderson Connecticut |
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| C. Douglas Dillon New Jersey |
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| Henry H. Fowler Virginia |
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| Joseph W. Barr Indiana |
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| David M. Kennedy Utah |
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| John B. Connally Texas |
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| George P. Shultz Illinois |
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| William E. Simon New Jersey |
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| W. Michael Blumenthal Michigan |
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| G. William Miller Rhode Island |
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| Donald T. Regan New Jersey |
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| James A. Baker, III Texas |
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| Nicholas F. Brady New Jersey |
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| Lloyd M. Bentsen Texas |
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| Robert E. Rubin New York |
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| Lawrence H. Summers Massachusetts |
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| Paul H. O'Neill Pennsylvania |
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| John W. Snow Virginia |
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| Henry M. Paulson, Jr. New York |
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Bibliography
- Blum, John Morton. From the Morgenthau Diaries: Years of Crisis, 1928-1938 (1959); Years of urgency: 1938-1941 (1965); Years of war, 1941-1945 (1967), a narrative history based very closely on the diaries
- Cannadine, David. Mellon: An American Life (2006)
- Chernow, Ron. Alexander Hamilton (2004) excerpt and text search
- Niven, John. Salmon P. Chase: A Biography (1995 ) excerpt and text search
- Studenski, Paul, and Herman E. Krooss. Financial History of the United States: Fiscal, Monetary, Banking, and Tariff, Including Financial Administration and State and Local Finance (1952) online edition
- Suskind, Ron. The Price of Loyalty: George W. Bush, the White House, and the Education of Paul O'Neill (2004) excerpt and text search
- Walters, Raymond. Albert Gallatin: Jeffersonian Financier And Diplomat (1957) online edition
- White, Leonard D. The Federalists: a Study in Administrative History (1956)
- White, Leonard D. The Jeffersonians: A Study in Administrative History, 1801-1829 (1951)
- White, Leonard D. Jacksonians: A Study In Administrative History, 1829-1861 (1954)
- White, Leonard D. The Republican era;: A study in administrative history, 1869-1901 (1958)
Notes
- ↑ DOI history. Department of the Interior. Retrieved on 2007-11-17.
- ↑ The "Treasurer of the United States" is a separate position, mostly honorific and without power. The Treasurer and Secretary both have their signature on paper currency.
- ↑ http://www.treasury.gov/education/history/secretaries/index.shtml