Chromobacterium violaceum
 Articles that lack this notice, including many Eduzendium ones, welcome your collaboration! |
Classification
Higher order taxa
DOMAIN-Eubacteria
PHYLUM-Proteobacteria
CLASS -Betaproteobacteria
ORDER -Neisseriales
FAMILY-Neisseriaceae
[Others may be used. Use Tree of Life link to find]
Species
Chromobacterium C. violaceumFile:Http://dtp.nci.nih.gov/timeline/images/subs/success stories/SS 5/SS 5 72dpi.jpg
Description and significance
Describe the appearance, habitat, etc. of the organism, and why it is important enough to have its genome sequenced. Describe how and where it was isolated. Include a picture or two (with sources) if you can find them.
A gram-negative rod shape bacterium that produces violet pigment - hence the name violaceum - when grown in tryptic soy broth (Chen et al, 2002).
Usually found in soils and water of tropical and subtropical regions, with temperature around 20°C-37°C as its optimal temperature; and growth would be inhibited with temperature near or below 4°C (chen et al, 2002).
Cellular features Environment Temperature Gram stain Shape Arrangement Endospores Motility Salinity Oxygen Req. Habitat Opt. temp. Range - Sphere, Curved Singles, Pairs, Chains Yes Facultative Multiple 25C Mesophilic
Pathogenic in: Human Disease: Diarrhea and occasionally septicemia
| Cellular Features | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gram Stain | Shape | Arrangement | Endospores | Motility |
| Negative | Sphere, Curved | Singles, Pairs, Chains | N/A | Yes |
| Environment | ||
|---|---|---|
| Salinity | Oxygen Req. | Habitats |
| N/A | Facultative | Multiple |
Genome structure
Describe the size and content of the genome. How many chromosomes? Circular or linear? Other interesting features? What is known about its sequence? Does it have any plasmids? Are they important to the organism's lifestyle?
Circular chromosome with a length of 4.8 Mbp, 123 RNAs. amd 4407 proteins
Genome Project > Chromobacterium violaceum ATCC 12472 project at LNCC, Brazil
Osbaldiston GW, Greve T, "Estimating adrenal cortical function in dogs with ACTH.", Cornell Vet, 1978 Jul;68(3):308-9
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez
Cell structure and metabolism
Describe any interesting features and/or cell structures; how it gains energy; what important molecules it produces.
Ecology
Describe any interactions with other organisms (included eukaryotes), contributions to the environment, effect on environment, etc.
Pathology
How does this organism cause disease? Human, animal, plant hosts? Virulence factors, as well as patient symptoms.
Chromobacteria do not usually cause diseases in humans, the first C. violaceum infection reported was in 1927 from Malaysia, and approximately 150 cases reported worldwide, such as Asia, USA, Australia, and Africa (Martinez & Mattar, 2007).
Application to Biotechnology
Does this organism produce any useful compounds or enzymes? What are they and how are they used?
Current Research
Enter summaries of the most recent research here--at least three required