ErbB-2 receptor
In biochemistry, erbB-2 (Human Epidermal growth factor Receptor 2, HER2, HER-2, HER2/neu) is a cell surface receptor that is a "protein-tyrosine kinase receptor that is found to be overexpressed in a significant number of adenocarcinomas including gastric, esophageal, salivary, colon, bladder and lung cancers (8-9). It has extensive homology to and can heterodimerize with the EGF receptor (epidermal growth factor receptor), the erbB-3 receptor and the erbB-4 receptor. "[1] The ErbB-2 gene is located on chromosome 17q21 and encodes a protein of 1255 amino acids which weighs, when glycosylated, 185 kDa. The human ErbB-2 was cloned by homology screening with v-ErbB (3) and has the highest homology to the EGFR among ErbB family members. It is mostly related to EGFR in its kinase domain (82%) and mostly distinct in the C-terminus, which contains most of the autophosphorylation sites. ErbB-2 is the only orphan receptor of the ErbB family, since no ligand binding it has been found up to date. Activation of ErbB-2 is, therefore, highly dependent on the expression of other family members, to which it is recruited as a preferred heterodimeric partner (4). On the other hand, overexpression and/or mutation of ErbB-2 are thought to lead to spontaneous dimerisation and the stabilization of the receptor dimmers in a ligandindependent manner (5-7).
Trastuzumab is a monoclonal antibody against the ErbB-2 receptor that lengthens remission time in metastatic breast cancer.[2]
Attribution
- Some content on this page may previously have appeared on Wikipedia.
Footnotes
- ↑ Anonymous (2024), ErbB-2 receptor (English). Medical Subject Headings. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ↑ Hudis CA (2007). "Trastuzumab--mechanism of action and use in clinical practice.". N Engl J Med 357 (1): 39-51. DOI:10.1056/NEJMra043186. PMID 17611206. Research Blogging.