Block cipher/Bibliography

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Any of the major texts listed under cryptography has a substantial section on block ciphers.

Standard references

Two books are very widely used as references. Both are now somewhat dated, having been published before the AES competition so they do not include that generation of ciphers.

• Applied Cryptography: Protocols, Algorithms, and Source Code in C by Bruce Schneier, widely used by programmers
• Handbook of Applied Cryptography by A. J. Menezes, P. C. van Oorschot, and S. A. Vanstone, somewhat more mathematical than Schneier's book PDF download

University level texts

• Introduction to Modern Cryptography by Phillip Rogaway and Mihir Bellare, a mathematical introduction to theoretical cryptography including reduction-based security proofs. PDF download.