Cancer
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Prevention
| Intervention | Type of cancer | Conclusion |
|---|---|---|
| Calcium+vitamin D[1] | Colorectal cancer | "Although the evidence from two RCTs suggests that calcium supplementation might contribute to a moderate degree to the prevention of colorectal adenomatous polyps, this does not constitute sufficient evidence to recommend the general use of calcium supplements to prevent colorectal cancer" |
| Antioxidants[2] | Gastrointestinal cancer | • "We could not find convincing evidence that antioxidant supplements prevent gastrointestinal cancers" • "Antioxidant supplements seem to increase overall mortality" • "The potential cancer preventive effect of selenium should be tested in adequately conducted randomised trials." |
Subsequent randomized controlled trials of antioxidants have also been negative, including not finding benefit from selenium.[3][4]
A randomized controlled trial of calcium that was not addressed in the Cochrane review above suggests benefit; however, the contribution of co-administered vitamin D cannot be separated.[5]
- ↑ Weingarten MA, Zalmanovici A, Yaphe J (2008). "Dietary calcium supplementation for preventing colorectal cancer and adenomatous polyps". Cochrane Database Syst Rev (1): CD003548. DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD003548.pub4. PMID 18254022. Research Blogging.
- ↑ Bjelakovic G, Nikolova D, Simonetti RG, Gluud C (2008). "Antioxidant supplements for preventing gastrointestinal cancers". Cochrane Database Syst Rev (3): CD004183. DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD004183.pub3. PMID 18677777. Research Blogging.
- ↑ Gaziano JM, Glynn RJ, Christen WG, et al (January 2009). "Vitamins E and C in the prevention of prostate and total cancer in men: the Physicians' Health Study II randomized controlled trial". JAMA 301 (1): 52–62. DOI:10.1001/jama.2008.862. PMID 19066368. Research Blogging.
- ↑ Lippman SM, Klein EA, Goodman PJ, et al (January 2009). "Effect of selenium and vitamin E on risk of prostate cancer and other cancers: the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT)". JAMA 301 (1): 39–51. DOI:10.1001/jama.2008.864. PMID 19066370. Research Blogging.
- ↑ Lappe JM, Travers-Gustafson D, Davies KM, Recker RR, Heaney RP (June 2007). "Vitamin D and calcium supplementation reduces cancer risk: results of a randomized trial". Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 85 (6): 1586–91. PMID 17556697. [e]