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In 1939, [[Pyotr Kapitza]] of [[Russia]] suggested the use of a centrifugal turbine for the isentropic expansion of gases to produce refrigeration. Since then, centrifugal expansion turbines have taken over almost 100 percent of the gas liquefaction and other low-temperature industrial requirements. | In 1939, [[Pyotr Kapitza]] of [[Russia]] suggested the use of a centrifugal turbine for the isentropic expansion of gases to produce refrigeration. Since then, centrifugal expansion turbines have taken over almost 100 percent of the gas liquefaction and other low-temperature industrial requirements. | ||
==Example application== | |||
[[Image:Demethanizer.PNG|right|thumb|350px|{{#ifexist:Template:Demethanizer.PNG/credit|{{Demethanizer.PNG/credit}}<br/>|}}A schematic diagram of a demethanizer extracting hydrocarbon liquids from raw natural gas.]] | |||
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==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist}} | {{reflist}} |
Revision as of 02:32, 6 July 2008
An expansion turbine, also referred to as a turboexpander or turbo-expander, is a centrifugal or axial flow turbine through which a high pressure gas is expanded to produce work that is typically used to drive a gas compressor.
Because work is extracted from the expanding high pressure gas, the expansion is an isentropic process (i.e., a constant entropy process) and the low pressure exhaust gas from the turbine is at a very low temperature, often as low as 200 K (-100 °F) or less. Turbo-expanders are very widely used as sources of refrigeration in industrial processes such as the extraction of ethane and natural gas liquids (NGLs) from natural gas,[1] the liquefaction of gases[2][3] and other low-temperature processes.
In 1939, Pyotr Kapitza of Russia suggested the use of a centrifugal turbine for the isentropic expansion of gases to produce refrigeration. Since then, centrifugal expansion turbines have taken over almost 100 percent of the gas liquefaction and other low-temperature industrial requirements.
Example application
References
- ↑ Demethanzer
- ↑ BOC (NZ) publication: use search function for keyword "expansion"
- ↑ US Department of Energy Hydrogen Program