User:Pat Palmer/sandbox/test9: Difference between revisions

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'''Bertolt Brecht''' (Feb. 19, 1898 - Aug. 14, 1956) was a prolific playwright and acting theorist known for elucidating the ''alienation effect''.  After fleeing Nazi Germany to the U.S. before World War II, Brecht (and those who attempted to produce his plays) was a target for government persecution for what was perceived to be a [[Marxism|Marxist]] slant to his plays.


The '''University of Tennessee''' is a public land-grant university whose largest and main campus is in [[Knoxville, Tennessee]].  In fall of 2023, there were 36,304 students<ref name="enrollment">{{cite web|title=University of Tennessee, Knoxville Fact Book |url=https://oira.utk.edu/reporting/fact-book/ |access-date=September 13, 2022}}</ref> on the campus, including graduate students and postdocs.  The Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education ranks the University of Tennessee, Knoxville as "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity".<ref>{{cite web |title=Carnegie Classifications Institution Lookup |url=https://carnegieclassifications.iu.edu/lookup/view_institution.php?unit_id=190415 |publisher=Center for Postsecondary Education |website=carnegieclassifications.iu.edu |access-date=July 18, 2020}}</ref>  The university has ties to nearby Oak Ridge National Laboratory, allowing for considerable research opportunities for faculty and students in the sciences. Also affiliated with the university are the Howard H. Baker Jr. Center for Public Policy, the University of Tennessee Anthropological Research Facility, and the University of Tennessee Arboretum, which occupies 250 acres in the nearby city of Oak Ridge. The university is a direct partner of the University of Tennessee Medical Center, which is one of two Level I trauma centers.
Brecht is remembered for requiring his plays to be produced with ''alienation effects''<ref name=AE />, which stand in opposition to the more traditional ''Stanislovski technique''
<ref name=ST /> in drama.  Whereas the Constantin Stanislavski school of acting attempts to immerse the audience so deeply in belief of its characters that they can imagine themselves as the character, the Brechtian ''alienation effect'' deliverately tries to remind the audience that this is a fictional representation. Alienation techniques include tactics as obvious as displaying placards or posters around the set. With theater in the round, merely keeping the audience lit so that each audience member is constantly aware of the rest of the audience can act as an alienation technique.


Besides a faculty of nearly 2000, the Knoxville campus employs administrative staff of nearly 10,000 people.
==Notes==
<references>


Several branch campuses to the University of Tennessee system exist across the state.
<ref name=AE>
 
[https://www.britannica.com/art/alienation-effect Alienation Effect] in Encyclopedia Britannica online.
== Notes ==
</ref>
<references>


<ref name=ST>
The book "An Actor Prepares" was first published in 1936 and is the first volume of the translations of Constantin Stanislavski's books on acting, which were published as a trilogy in English, though originally meant to be published as two books in Russian.
</ref>


</references>
</references>

Revision as of 11:31, 14 April 2024

Bertolt Brecht (Feb. 19, 1898 - Aug. 14, 1956) was a prolific playwright and acting theorist known for elucidating the alienation effect. After fleeing Nazi Germany to the U.S. before World War II, Brecht (and those who attempted to produce his plays) was a target for government persecution for what was perceived to be a Marxist slant to his plays.

Brecht is remembered for requiring his plays to be produced with alienation effects[1], which stand in opposition to the more traditional Stanislovski technique [2] in drama. Whereas the Constantin Stanislavski school of acting attempts to immerse the audience so deeply in belief of its characters that they can imagine themselves as the character, the Brechtian alienation effect deliverately tries to remind the audience that this is a fictional representation. Alienation techniques include tactics as obvious as displaying placards or posters around the set. With theater in the round, merely keeping the audience lit so that each audience member is constantly aware of the rest of the audience can act as an alienation technique.

Notes

  1. ↑ Alienation Effect in Encyclopedia Britannica online.
  2. ↑ The book "An Actor Prepares" was first published in 1936 and is the first volume of the translations of Constantin Stanislavski's books on acting, which were published as a trilogy in English, though originally meant to be published as two books in Russian.
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