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Revision as of 14:07, 1 September 2010
The general idea of the Cantor–Bernstein–Schroeder theorem and related results may be formulated as follows. If X is similar to a part of Y and at the same time Y is similar to a part of X then X and Y are similar. In order to be specific one should decide
- what kind of mathematical objects are X and Y,
- what is meant by "a part",
- what is meant by "similar".
In the classical Cantor–Bernstein–Schroeder theorem
- X and Y are sets (maybe infinite),
- "a part" is interpreted as a subset,
- "similar" is interpreted as equinumerous.
Not all statements of this form are true. For example, let
- X and Y are triangles,
- "a part" means a triangle inside the given triangle,
- "similar" is interpreted as usual in elementary geometry: triangles related by a dilation (in other words, "triangles with the same shape up to a scale factor", or equivalently "triangles with the same angles").
Then the statement fails badly: every triangle X evidently is similar to some triangle inside Y, and the other way round; however, X and Y need no be similar.
Notes
References
Gowers, W.T. (1996), "A solution to the Schroeder-Bernstein problem for Banach spaces", Bull. London Math. Soc. 28: 297–304.
Casazza, P.G. (1989), "The Schroeder-Bernstein property for Banach spaces", Contemp. Math. 85: 61–78.