Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Difference between revisions
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ADHD occurs in adults also.<ref name="pmid16790695">{{cite journal |author=Okie S |title=ADHD in adults |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=354 |issue=25 |pages=2637–41 |year=2006 |pmid=16790695 |doi=10.1056/NEJMp068113|url=http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/full/354/25/2637}}</ref> | ADHD occurs in adults also.<ref name="pmid16790695">{{cite journal |author=Okie S |title=ADHD in adults |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=354 |issue=25 |pages=2637–41 |year=2006 |pmid=16790695 |doi=10.1056/NEJMp068113|url=http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/full/354/25/2637}}</ref> | ||
There are significant adverse socioeconomic outcomes from ADHD.<ref name="pmid17406154">{{cite journal |author=Biederman J, Faraone SV |title=The effects of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder on employment and household income |journal=MedGenMed |volume=8 |issue=3 |pages=12 |year=2006 |pmid=17406154 |doi=}}</ref><ref name="pmid9291723">{{cite journal |author=Mannuzza S, Klein RG, Bessler A, Malloy P, Hynes ME |title=Educational and occupational outcome of hyperactive boys grown up |journal=J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry |volume=36 |issue=9 |pages=1222–7 |year=1997 |pmid=9291723 |doi=}}</ref> | |||
==Etiology/cause== | ==Etiology/cause== | ||
Revision as of 23:34, 28 February 2008
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a "behavior disorder originating in childhood in which the essential features are signs of developmentally inappropriate inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. Although most individuals have symptoms of both inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity, one or the other pattern may be predominant. The disorder is more frequent in males than females. Onset is in childhood. Symptoms often attenuate during late adolescence although a minority experience the full complement of symptoms into mid-adulthood."[1][2][3]
ADHD occurs in adults also.[4]
There are significant adverse socioeconomic outcomes from ADHD.[5][6]
Etiology/cause
Twin studies suggest 76% of ADHD is inherited.[7] Abnormalities of biogenic amine receptors may contribute to ADHD.[7]
Treatment
Several stimulant drugs are effective.[8] Stimulant drugs work by blocking the dopamine transporter.[2] However, these drugs may increase cardiac complications.[9]
References
- ↑ Anonymous (2024), Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (English). Medical Subject Headings. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Biederman J, Faraone SV (2005). "Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder". Lancet 366 (9481): 237–48. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)66915-2. PMID 16023516. Research Blogging.
- ↑ Rappley MD (2005). "Clinical practice. Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder". N. Engl. J. Med. 352 (2): 165–73. DOI:10.1056/NEJMcp032387. PMID 15647579. Research Blogging.
- ↑ Okie S (2006). "ADHD in adults". N. Engl. J. Med. 354 (25): 2637–41. DOI:10.1056/NEJMp068113. PMID 16790695. Research Blogging.
- ↑ Biederman J, Faraone SV (2006). "The effects of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder on employment and household income". MedGenMed 8 (3): 12. PMID 17406154. [e]
- ↑ Mannuzza S, Klein RG, Bessler A, Malloy P, Hynes ME (1997). "Educational and occupational outcome of hyperactive boys grown up". J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 36 (9): 1222–7. PMID 9291723. [e]
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Faraone SV, Perlis RH, Doyle AE, et al (2005). "Molecular genetics of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder". Biol. Psychiatry 57 (11): 1313–23. DOI:10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.11.024. PMID 15950004. Research Blogging.
- ↑ Pritchard D (2006). "Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children". Clin Evid (15): 331–44. PMID 16973014. [e]
- ↑ Nissen SE (2006). "ADHD drugs and cardiovascular risk". N. Engl. J. Med. 354 (14): 1445–8. DOI:10.1056/NEJMp068049. PMID 16549404. Research Blogging.