Cobalt(II) oxide: Difference between revisions
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==Ceramics and Other Uses== | ==Ceramics and Other Uses== | ||
Cobalt(II) Oxide has been used for centuries as a coloring agent on kiln fired ceramic glazes, the earliest examples go back to the beginnings of kiln fired pottery. Cobalt(II) Oxide colorants are stable and retain their coloration indefinitely. The oxide is one of the most powerful colorants commonly used in the making of glazes and slips and requires only 1 part oxide to 100,000 parts glazing compound to produce the deep blue shade commonly referred to as <span style="background-color: #0047AB; padding:4px; color: #ffffff">cobalt blue</span>. By varying the temperature of the kiln, the potter can adjust the coloring of the oxide ranging anywhere from the familiar blue, to a shade nearing black. <ref>Zamek, Jeff: "A Problem With Cobalt?" ''Ceramics Today'' http://www.ceramicstoday.com/articles/zamek_cobalt.htm</ref> | Cobalt(II) Oxide has been used for centuries as a coloring agent on kiln fired ceramic glazes, the earliest examples go back to the beginnings of kiln fired pottery. Cobalt(II) Oxide colorants are stable and retain their coloration indefinitely. The oxide is one of the most powerful colorants commonly used in the making of glazes and slips and requires only 1 part oxide to 100,000 parts glazing compound to produce the deep blue shade commonly referred to as <span style="background-color: #0047AB; padding:4px; color: #ffffff">cobalt blue</span>. By varying the temperature of the kiln, the potter can adjust the coloring of the oxide ranging anywhere from the familiar blue, to a shade nearing black. <ref>Zamek, Jeff: "A Problem With Cobalt?" ''Ceramics Today'' http://www.ceramicstoday.com/articles/zamek_cobalt.htm</ref> Cobalt(II) oxide is also used in dryers used with oil based paints to expedite their curing. These substances can be found at most art stores. | ||
==Industrial Uses== | ==Industrial Uses== | ||
Revision as of 23:05, 7 April 2007
| Template:Chembox header | Cobalt(II) oxide | |
|---|---|
| Cobalt(II) oxide | |
| Template:Chembox header | General | |
| Systematic name | Cobalt(II) Oxide |
| Other names | Cobaltous Oxide, Cobalt Monoxide, Cobaltous Monoxide |
| Molecular formula | CoO |
| Molar mass | 74.93 g/mol |
| Appearance | A black powder |
| CAS number | 1307-96-6 |
| Template:Chembox header | Properties | |
| Density and phase | 6.1 g/cm3 |
| Solubility in water | practically insoluble in water, soluble in strong acids |
| Melting point | 1933°C (2206 K) |
| Boiling point | ?°C (? K) |
| Template:Chembox header | Hazards | |
| MSDS | (Use CAS#) Fisher Scientific |
| Main hazards | Respiratory tract inflammation possibly carcinogenic |
| NFPA 704 | Template:NFPA 704 |
| R/S statement | R: 22 43 50-53 S: (2-)24-37-60-61 |
| RTECS number | GG2800000 |
| Template:Chembox header | Related compounds | |
| Other anions | Cobalt(II) carbonate Cobalt(II) nitrate, Cobalt(II) chloride |
| Other cations | Iron(III) oxide, Iron(II) oxide Cobalt(II,III) oxide |
| Related compounds | Cobalt(III) oxide |
| Template:Chembox header | Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25°C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references | |
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Cobalt(II) oxide is a blackish gray powder used extensively in the ceramics industry as an additive to create blue colored glazes and enamels as well as in the chemical production industry for producing cobalt(II) salts.
Cobalt(II) oxide is a product of Cobalt(II,III) oxide decomposing at 895 °C through the reaction:
- 2 Co3O4(s) → 6 CoO(s) + O2(g)
Cobalt(II) oxide is also a product of Cobalt(II) carbonate decomposing through the reaction:
- CoCO3(s) → CoO(s) + CO2(g)
Ceramics and Other Uses
Cobalt(II) Oxide has been used for centuries as a coloring agent on kiln fired ceramic glazes, the earliest examples go back to the beginnings of kiln fired pottery. Cobalt(II) Oxide colorants are stable and retain their coloration indefinitely. The oxide is one of the most powerful colorants commonly used in the making of glazes and slips and requires only 1 part oxide to 100,000 parts glazing compound to produce the deep blue shade commonly referred to as cobalt blue. By varying the temperature of the kiln, the potter can adjust the coloring of the oxide ranging anywhere from the familiar blue, to a shade nearing black. [1] Cobalt(II) oxide is also used in dryers used with oil based paints to expedite their curing. These substances can be found at most art stores.
Industrial Uses
As stated earlier, cobalt(II) oxide is used in the production of cobalt(II) salts such as CoCl2 and Co(NO3)2. Cobalt(II) oxide can also be found in animal feed and fertilizer as a supplement to aid in the production of Vitamin B12.
Health Concerns
This oxide is also found in cobalt dryers, additives to paints that can be found at most art stores. These dryers are considered highly toxic and a "possible human carcinogen" by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. Symptoms of acute exposure include coughing, wheezing and difficulty breathing. The small particles also pose the risk of ocular inflammation. The use of NIOSH approved respiratory equipment is recommended when handling this substance.[2]
Reactivity Concerns
Cobaltous Oxide rapidly decomposes hydrogen peroxide and oxidizes the drying of unsaturated oils in an exothermic reaction that can be potentially explosive. [3]
References
- ↑ Zamek, Jeff: "A Problem With Cobalt?" Ceramics Today http://www.ceramicstoday.com/articles/zamek_cobalt.htm
- ↑ American Chemical Society: "Journal of Chemical Education" Vol.28 No. 10 October 2001 "Hazardous Characteristics" <http://membership.acs.org/c/ccs/pubs/CLIPS/JCE20011328.pdf>
- ↑ American Chemical Society: "Journal of Chemical Education" Vol.28 No. 10 October 2001 "Hazardous Characteristics" <http://membership.acs.org/c/ccs/pubs/CLIPS/JCE20011328.pdf>