Cyclic GMP: Difference between revisions
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{{Image|CGMP.jpg|right|150px|'''cGMP'''}} | {{Image|CGMP.jpg|right|150px|'''cGMP'''}} | ||
In [[biochemistry]], '''cyclic GMP''' is a "guanine nucleotide containing one phosphate group which is esterified to the sugar moiety in both the 3'- and 5'-positions. It is a cellular regulatory agent and has been described as a [[second messenger system|second messenger]]. Its levels increase in response to a variety of [[hormone]]s, including [[acetylcholine]], [[insulin]], and [[oxytocin]] and it has been found to activate specific [[protein kinase]]s."<ref>{{MeSH}}</ref> | In [[biochemistry]], '''cyclic GMP''' is a "guanine nucleotide containing one phosphate group which is esterified to the sugar moiety in both the 3'- and 5'-positions. It is a cellular regulatory agent and has been described as a [[second messenger system|second messenger]]. Its levels increase in response to a variety of [[hormone]]s, including [[acetylcholine]], [[insulin]], and [[oxytocin]] and it has been found to activate specific [[protein kinase]]s."<ref>{{MeSH}}</ref> | ||
In [[signal transduction]], [[cell surface receptor]]s may activate [[second messenger system]]s such as adenyl cyclase-[[cyclic AMP]] and [[cyclic GMP]] which then may activate [[protein kinase]]s which then affect downstream targets (see [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?highlight=receptor,kinase,G-protein-coupled&rid=mcb.figgrp.5742 figure]).<ref name="isbn0-7167-3136-3">{{cite book |author=Lodish, Harvey F. |authorlink= |editor= |others= |title=Molecular cell biology |edition= |language= |publisher=Scientific American Books |location=New York |year=1999 |origyear= |chapter=20.1. Overview of Extracellular Signaling|chapterurl=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?rid=mcb.section.5717|pages= |quote= |isbn=0-7167-3136-3 |oclc= |doi= |url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?rid=mcb |accessdate=}}</ref> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
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Latest revision as of 16:00, 3 August 2024
In biochemistry, cyclic GMP is a "guanine nucleotide containing one phosphate group which is esterified to the sugar moiety in both the 3'- and 5'-positions. It is a cellular regulatory agent and has been described as a second messenger. Its levels increase in response to a variety of hormones, including acetylcholine, insulin, and oxytocin and it has been found to activate specific protein kinases."[1]
In signal transduction, cell surface receptors may activate second messenger systems such as adenyl cyclase-cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP which then may activate protein kinases which then affect downstream targets (see figure).[2]
References
- ↑ Anonymous (2024), Cyclic GMP (English). Medical Subject Headings. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ↑ Lodish, Harvey F. (1999). “20.1. Overview of Extracellular Signaling”, Molecular cell biology. New York: Scientific American Books. ISBN 0-7167-3136-3.