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{{Image|Solomon Islands 1989.jpg|right|450px|Solomon Islands (map from 1989)}}
The '''Solomon Islands''' are an independent republic, made up of a archipelago of islands in the South Pacific Ocean, southeast of [[Papua New Guinea]] and northwest of [[Vanuatu]]. They are a member of the [[Commonwealth of Nations]].
The '''Solomon Islands''' are an independent republic, made up of a archipelago of islands in the South Pacific Ocean, southeast of [[Papua New Guinea]] and northwest of [[Vanuatu]]. They are a member of the [[Commonwealth of Nations]].
[[Image:Solomons-map.gif|thumb|250px|Solomons Islands]]
 
==Geography==
==Geography==
The total land area is  27,540 sq km; there are  910 sq km of water inside the territorial limits. They are in a key location on sea routes through the South Pacific Ocean, the [[Solomon Sea]], and the [[Coral Sea]].
The total land area is  27,540 sq km; there are  910 sq km of water inside the territorial limits. They are in a key location on sea routes through the South Pacific Ocean, the [[Solomon Sea]], and the [[Coral Sea]].


Organized into a 9 provinces and a central district: Central, Choiseul, Guadalcanal, Honiara*, Isabel, Makira, Malaita, Rennell and Bellona, Temotu, Western Key; the  islands and island groups include:
Organized into a 9 provinces and a central district: Central, Choiseul, Guadalcanal, Honiara*, Isabel, Makira, Malaita, Rennell and Bellona, Temotu, Western Key; the  islands and island groups include:
*Guadalcanal, on which the capital of Honaria is located
*[[Guadalcanal]], on which the capital of Honaria is located
*[[Choiseul Island]]
*[[Choiseul Island]]
*[[Gizo Island]]
*[[Gizo Island]]
*[[Yandina Island]]
*[[Yandina Island]]
*[[Santa Cruz Islands]]
*[[Santa Cruz Islands]]
*[[San Cristobal
*[[San Cristobal]]
*[[Malaita Island]]
*[[Malaita Island]]
*[[Rennell Island]]
*[[Rennell Island]]


The much-fought-over waters of North Georgia Sound called the "Slot" is north of Guadalcanal, containing [[Savo Island]].
The much-fought-over waters of North Georgia Sound called the "Slot" is north of Guadalcanal, containing [[Savo Island]].
==History==
==History==
In the 1890s, Britain established a protectorate over the islands.
In the 1890s, Britain established a protectorate over the islands.
Line 22: Line 24:
===Independence===
===Independence===
Self-government was achieved in 1976 and independence two years later. Ethnic violence, government malfeasance, and endemic crime have undermined stability and civil society.  
Self-government was achieved in 1976 and independence two years later. Ethnic violence, government malfeasance, and endemic crime have undermined stability and civil society.  
====Assistance====
====Australian Assistance====
 
Following the [[United Nations Convention on Law of the Seas]] extending large [[Exclusive Economic Zone]]s around the Solomon Islands, and neighbouring nations in the [[Pacific Forum]], Australia agreed to give 12 nations 22 [[Pacific Forum patrol vessel]]s.<ref name=RsipfMaritime/><ref name=SolomonStar2018-06-15/>  Two of those vessels were provided to the Solomon Islands.
 
In June 2003, then Prime Minister Sir Allan Kemakeza asked for Australian assistance to reestablish law and order. In July, the Australian-led multinational force arrived to restore peace and disarm ethnic militias, and has remained effective.<ref name=Solomon-Fact>{{citation
In June 2003, then Prime Minister Sir Allan Kemakeza asked for Australian assistance to reestablish law and order. In July, the Australian-led multinational force arrived to restore peace and disarm ethnic militias, and has remained effective.<ref name=Solomon-Fact>{{citation
  | contribution = Solomons Islands
  | contribution = Solomons Islands
Line 28: Line 33:
  | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/print/bp.html
  | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/print/bp.html
  | author = [[Central Intelligence Agency]]}}</ref>
  | author = [[Central Intelligence Agency]]}}</ref>
====Security pact with China====
In late March, 2022, China and the Solomon Islands signed the preliminary draft of an agreement described as a "security pact".<ref name=Reuters2022-03-25/><ref name=Reuters2022-04-01/>
According to ''[[Reuters]]'' the agreement would be a ''"major inroad"'' by China into a region where smaller nations traditionally looked to Australia and the [[United States of America]].<ref name=Reuters2022-04-18/>
:{| class="wikitable"
|
:<code> The Solomon Islands said in March that it was creating a partnership with China to tackle security threats and ensure a safe environment for investment in what would be a major inroad for Beijing in a region that U.S. allies Australia and New Zealand have for decades seen as their "backyard."</code><ref name=Reuters2022-04-18/>
|}
''[[The Guardian]]'' reports a leaked document revealed China wanted to send armed security teams to operate, within the Solomon Islands, to protect the Chinese embassy following anti-chinese riots in Honiara's chinatown in the fall of 2021.<ref name=theguardian2022-04-12/>
In February 2022 the [[United States of America]] announced it would be reopening its embassy.<ref name=cp24-2022-04-13/> The reopening of the embassy, closed in 1993, was widely described as a reaction to China's attempt to exert further influence on the Solomon Islands.<ref name=Reuters2022-02-12/>
==Economy==
==Economy==
The bulk of the population depends on agriculture, fishing, and forestry for at least part of its livelihood. Most manufactured goods and petroleum products must be imported. The islands are rich in undeveloped mineral resources such as lead, zinc, nickel, and gold. <ref name=Solomon-Fact />
The bulk of the population depends on agriculture, fishing, and forestry for at least part of its livelihood. Most manufactured goods and petroleum products must be imported. The islands are rich in undeveloped mineral resources such as lead, zinc, nickel, and gold. <ref name=Solomon-Fact />
Line 33: Line 52:
RAMSI was able to rebuild the economy, damaged by violence.
RAMSI was able to rebuild the economy, damaged by violence.
==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Reflist|refs=
 
{{cite news   
| url        =
| title      =
| work        =
| author      =
| date        =
| page        =
| location    =
| isbn        =
| language    =
| trans-title =
| archiveurl  =
| archivedate =
| accessdate  = 2022-04-18
| url-status  = live
| quote      =
}}
</ref>
 
<ref name=theguardian2022-04-12>
{{cite news   
| url        = https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/apr/12/china-requested-heavily-armed-security-team-be-sent-to-solomon-islands-leaked-documents-reveal
| title      = China requested heavily armed security team be sent to Solomon Islands, leaked documents reveal
| work        = [[The Guardian]]
| author      = Kate Lyons
| date        = 2022-04-12
| location    =
| archiveurl  = https://web.archive.org/web/20220414093640/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/apr/12/china-requested-heavily-armed-security-team-be-sent-to-solomon-islands-leaked-documents-reveal
| archivedate = 2022-04-14
| accessdate  = 2022-04-18
| url-status  = live     
| quote      = China requested heavily armed security team be sent to Solomon Islands, leaked documents reveal
}}
</ref>
 
<ref name=cp24-2022-04-13>
{{cite news   
| url        = https://www.cp24.com/world/western-pressure-mounts-on-solomon-islands-to-quash-pact-with-china-1.5859962?cache=yes%2F7.400421%3FclipId%3D104056
| title      = Western pressure mounts on Solomon Islands to quash pact with China
| work        = [[CP24]]
| author      = Rod Mcguirk
| date        = 2022-04-13
| location    = [[Canberra, Australia]]
| archiveurl  =
| archivedate =
| accessdate  = 2022-04-18
| url-status  = live
| quote      = The announcement of reopening the embassy, which has been closed since 1993, came in February before the security pact came to light, but amid already growing concerns about Chinese influence in the strategically important country.
}}
</ref>
 
<ref name=Reuters2022-04-01>
{{cite news   
| url        = https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/solomon-islands-says-wont-allow-chinese-military-base-knows-ramification-2022-04-01/
| title      = Solomon Islands won't allow Chinese military base, says PM's office
| author      = Kirsty Needham
| work        = [[Reuters]]
| date        = 2022-04-01
| location    = [[Sydney]]
| archiveurl  = https://web.archive.org/web/20220406132804mp_/https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/solomon-islands-says-wont-allow-chinese-military-base-knows-ramification-2022-04-01/
| archivedate = 2022-04-06
| accessdate  = 2022-04-18
| url-status  = live
| quote      = The leader of the Federated States of Micronesia on Thursday urged the Solomon Islands not to sign the security pact, saying he had "grave security concerns" and feared the Pacific could become embroiled in war between China and the United States.
}}
[https://web.archive.org/web/20220406132804mp_/https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/solomon-islands-says-wont-allow-chinese-military-base-knows-ramification-2022-04-01/ mirror]
</ref>
 
<ref name=Reuters2022-02-12>
{{cite news   
| url        = https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/us-planning-open-embassy-solomon-islands-official-2022-02-12/
| title      = U.S. plans Solomon Islands embassy in push to counter China
| work        = [[Reuters]]
| date        = 2022-02-12
| location    = [[Nadi, Fiji]]
| archiveurl  = https://web.archive.org/web/20220406225305mp_/https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/us-planning-open-embassy-solomon-islands-official-2022-02-12/
| archivedate = 2022-04-06
| accessdate  = 2022-04-18
| url-status  = live
| quote      = The United States will open an embassy in the Solomon Islands, Secretary of State Antony Blinken said on Saturday as he committed more diplomatic and security resources into the Pacific as a counter to China's drive for greater influence.
}}
[https://web.archive.org/web/20220406225305mp_/https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/us-planning-open-embassy-solomon-islands-official-2022-02-12/ mirror]
</ref>
 
<ref name=Reuters2022-03-25>
{{cite news   
| url        = https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/australian-defence-minister-says-china-base-solomons-would-be-concerning-2022-03-25/
| title      = Solomons confirms security talks with China; Australia and NZ concerned
| author      = Kirsty Needham, Lucy Craymer
| work        = [[Reuters]]
| date        = 2022-03-25
| location    = [[Washington, D.C.]]
| archiveurl  = https://web.archive.org/web/20220414091314mp_/https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/australian-defence-minister-says-china-base-solomons-would-be-concerning-2022-03-25/
| archivedate = 2022-04-14
| accessdate  = 2022-04-18
| url-status  = live
| quote      = The Solomon Islands confirmed on Friday it was creating a partnership with China to tackle security threats and ensure a safe environment for investment as it diversifies security relations.
}}
[https://web.archive.org/web/20220414091314mp_/https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/australian-defence-minister-says-china-base-solomons-would-be-concerning-2022-03-25/ mirror]
</ref>
 
<ref name=Reuters2022-04-18>
{{cite news   
| url        = https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/senior-us-officials-visit-solomon-islands-amid-china-security-concerns-2022-04-18/             
| title      = Senior U.S. officials to visit the Solomon Islands amid China security concerns
| work        = [[Reuters]]
| date        = 2022-04-18
| location    = [[Washington, D.C.]]
| archiveurl  = https://web.archive.org/web/20220418163616/https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/senior-us-officials-visit-solomon-islands-amid-china-security-concerns-2022-04-18/
| archivedate = 2022-04-18
| accessdate  = 2022-04-18
| url-status  = live
| quote      = The Solomon Islands said in March that it was creating a partnership with China to tackle security threats and ensure a safe environment for investment in what would be a major inroad for Beijing in a region that U.S. allies Australia and New Zealand have for decades seen as their {{'}}backyard.{{'}}
}}
[https://web.archive.org/web/20220418163616/https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/senior-us-officials-visit-solomon-islands-amid-china-security-concerns-2022-04-18/ mirror]
</ref>
 
<ref name=SolomonStar2018-06-15>
{{cite news
| url        = http://www.solomonstarnews.com/index.php/news/national/item/20504-rsipf-thank-australian-gov-t
| title      = RSIPF thank Australian gov’t
| work        = [[Solomon Star News]]
| date        = June 15, 2018
| archiveurl  = https://web.archive.org/web/20180721105927/http://www.solomonstarnews.com/index.php/news/national/item/20504-rsipf-thank-australian-gov-t
| archivedate = July 21, 2018
| accessdate  = June 16, 2018
| quote      = Commissioner Varley explains: “The new Guardian class of patrol boats will be much larger with increased capacity and extended range compared to the current Pacific class of patrol boats. This will be great especially for patrolling of Solomon Islands large maritime border.”
| url-status  = live
}}
</ref>
 
<ref name=RsipfMaritime>
{{cite web
| url        = http://www.rsipf.gov.sb/?q=maritime
| title      = Maritime
| work        = [[Royal Solomon Islands Police Force]]
| year        = 2018
| archiveurl  = https://web.archive.org/web/20180617065839/http://www.rsipf.gov.sb/?q=maritime
| archivedate = June 17, 2018
| accessdate  = June 16, 2018
| quote      = RSIPF Maritime operate two Pacific Class Patrol Boats owned by the RSIPF, the Lata (03) and Auki (04) as well as a range of smaller vessels.
| url-status  = live
}}
</ref>
}}[[Category:Suggestion Bot Tag]]

Latest revision as of 06:00, 20 October 2024

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Solomon Islands (map from 1989)

The Solomon Islands are an independent republic, made up of a archipelago of islands in the South Pacific Ocean, southeast of Papua New Guinea and northwest of Vanuatu. They are a member of the Commonwealth of Nations.

Geography

The total land area is 27,540 sq km; there are 910 sq km of water inside the territorial limits. They are in a key location on sea routes through the South Pacific Ocean, the Solomon Sea, and the Coral Sea.

Organized into a 9 provinces and a central district: Central, Choiseul, Guadalcanal, Honiara*, Isabel, Makira, Malaita, Rennell and Bellona, Temotu, Western Key; the islands and island groups include:

The much-fought-over waters of North Georgia Sound called the "Slot" is north of Guadalcanal, containing Savo Island.

History

In the 1890s, Britain established a protectorate over the islands.

Second World War

Some of the most intense combat of World War II on the islands and waters of this area, beginning with the Battle of the Coral Sea and the Gudalcanal campaign.

Independence

Self-government was achieved in 1976 and independence two years later. Ethnic violence, government malfeasance, and endemic crime have undermined stability and civil society.

Australian Assistance

Following the United Nations Convention on Law of the Seas extending large Exclusive Economic Zones around the Solomon Islands, and neighbouring nations in the Pacific Forum, Australia agreed to give 12 nations 22 Pacific Forum patrol vessels.[1][2] Two of those vessels were provided to the Solomon Islands.

In June 2003, then Prime Minister Sir Allan Kemakeza asked for Australian assistance to reestablish law and order. In July, the Australian-led multinational force arrived to restore peace and disarm ethnic militias, and has remained effective.[3]

Security pact with China

In late March, 2022, China and the Solomon Islands signed the preliminary draft of an agreement described as a "security pact".[4][5] According to Reuters the agreement would be a "major inroad" by China into a region where smaller nations traditionally looked to Australia and the United States of America.[6]

The Solomon Islands said in March that it was creating a partnership with China to tackle security threats and ensure a safe environment for investment in what would be a major inroad for Beijing in a region that U.S. allies Australia and New Zealand have for decades seen as their "backyard."[6]

The Guardian reports a leaked document revealed China wanted to send armed security teams to operate, within the Solomon Islands, to protect the Chinese embassy following anti-chinese riots in Honiara's chinatown in the fall of 2021.[7]

In February 2022 the United States of America announced it would be reopening its embassy.[8] The reopening of the embassy, closed in 1993, was widely described as a reaction to China's attempt to exert further influence on the Solomon Islands.[9]

Economy

The bulk of the population depends on agriculture, fishing, and forestry for at least part of its livelihood. Most manufactured goods and petroleum products must be imported. The islands are rich in undeveloped mineral resources such as lead, zinc, nickel, and gold. [3]

RAMSI was able to rebuild the economy, damaged by violence.

References

  1. Maritime. Royal Solomon Islands Police Force (2018). Archived from the original on June 17, 2018. Retrieved on June 16, 2018. “RSIPF Maritime operate two Pacific Class Patrol Boats owned by the RSIPF, the Lata (03) and Auki (04) as well as a range of smaller vessels.”
  2. RSIPF thank Australian gov’t, Solomon Star News, June 15, 2018. Retrieved on June 16, 2018. “Commissioner Varley explains: “The new Guardian class of patrol boats will be much larger with increased capacity and extended range compared to the current Pacific class of patrol boats. This will be great especially for patrolling of Solomon Islands large maritime border.””
  3. 3.0 3.1 Central Intelligence Agency, Solomons Islands, The World Factbook
  4. Kirsty Needham, Lucy Craymer. Solomons confirms security talks with China; Australia and NZ concerned, Reuters, 2022-03-25. Retrieved on 2022-04-18. “The Solomon Islands confirmed on Friday it was creating a partnership with China to tackle security threats and ensure a safe environment for investment as it diversifies security relations.” mirror
  5. Kirsty Needham. Solomon Islands won't allow Chinese military base, says PM's office, Reuters, 2022-04-01. Retrieved on 2022-04-18. “The leader of the Federated States of Micronesia on Thursday urged the Solomon Islands not to sign the security pact, saying he had "grave security concerns" and feared the Pacific could become embroiled in war between China and the United States.” mirror
  6. 6.0 6.1 Senior U.S. officials to visit the Solomon Islands amid China security concerns, Reuters, 2022-04-18. Retrieved on 2022-04-18. “The Solomon Islands said in March that it was creating a partnership with China to tackle security threats and ensure a safe environment for investment in what would be a major inroad for Beijing in a region that U.S. allies Australia and New Zealand have for decades seen as their 'backyard.'mirror
  7. Kate Lyons. China requested heavily armed security team be sent to Solomon Islands, leaked documents reveal, The Guardian, 2022-04-12. Retrieved on 2022-04-18. “China requested heavily armed security team be sent to Solomon Islands, leaked documents reveal”
  8. Rod Mcguirk. Western pressure mounts on Solomon Islands to quash pact with China, CP24, 2022-04-13. Retrieved on 2022-04-18. “The announcement of reopening the embassy, which has been closed since 1993, came in February before the security pact came to light, but amid already growing concerns about Chinese influence in the strategically important country.”
  9. U.S. plans Solomon Islands embassy in push to counter China, Reuters, 2022-02-12. Retrieved on 2022-04-18. “The United States will open an embassy in the Solomon Islands, Secretary of State Antony Blinken said on Saturday as he committed more diplomatic and security resources into the Pacific as a counter to China's drive for greater influence.” mirror