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The living apes [[Primate|primates]] who are tailess, of relatively large body size and all live in the old world.  
{{subpages}}
{{Taxobox
| color = pink
| name = Apes
| fossil_range = Late [[Oligocene]] - Recent
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Chordata]]
| classis = [[Mammal]]ia
| ordo = [[Primate]]s
| subordo = [[Haplorrhini]]
| parvordo = [[Catarrhini]]
| superfamilia = '''Hominoidea'''
| superfamilia_authority = [[John Edward Gray|Gray]], 1825
| subdivision_ranks = [[Family (biology)|Families]]
| subdivision =
[[Hylobatidae]]<br>
[[Hominidae]]<br>
†[[Proconsulidae]]<br>
†[[Dryopithecidae]]<br>
†[[Oreopithecidae]]</i>
}}The living '''apes''' are [[Primate|primates]] who are tailless, of relatively large body size and all originate in the [[Old World]]. The group includes [[Hominin|humans]]. All apes are catarrhine primates and have eight premolars.


==Ape species==
==Ape species==
 
Typically included in the grouping "apes" are [[gibbons]] and [[siamangs]] from [[southeast Asia]], [[orangutans]] from [[Borneo]] and [[Sumatra]], [[mountain gorilla|mountain]] and [[lowland gorilla]]s, [[chimpanzees]] and [[bonobos]], and humans. Under the modern genetic classification scheme (see [[Hominin]] for more on this), apes are in the superfamily Hominoidea. Underneath this hominoid umbrella falls orang-utans, gorillas, chimps and humans in the Family Hominidae. In recognition of their [[Genetics|genetic]] divergence some 11-13 million years ago, the orangutans are placed in the sub-family [[Ponginae]] and the [[Africa|African]] apes, including humans, are lumped together in the Subfamily Homininae. The bipedal apes, namely all of the fossil species as well as living humans, fall into the Tribe ''[[Hominin|Hominini]]''. Some [[Evolution|evolutionary]] biologists include humans and chimpanzees within the same genus, the genus ''Homo''<ref name="Berger1">{{cite web |url=http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2001/12/1204_hominin_id.html|title=Is it time to revise the system of scientific naming|accessdate=2007-08-10|author=L.R. Berger|authorlink= |coauthors= |date=2001 |format= |work= |publisher=National Geographic|pages= |language= |archiveurl= |archivedate= |quote= }}</ref><ref name="Fleagle">{{cite book|title=Primate Adaptation and Evolution|accessdate=|author=J. Fleagle|authorlink= |coauthors= |date=1998 |format= |work= |publisher=Academic Press: New York|pages= |language= |archiveurl= |archivedate= |quote= }}</ref><ref name="Szalay">{{cite book |title=Evolutionary History of the Primates|accessdate=|author=F. Szalay and E. Delson|authorlink= |coauthors= |date=2001 |format= |work= |publisher=Academic Press, New York|pages= |language= |archiveurl= |archivedate= |quote= }}</ref>.
Typically included in the grouping "apes" are gibbons and siamangs from southeast Asia, Orangutans from borneo and Sumatra, Mountain and Lowland Gorillas, Chimpanzees and Bonobos and humans. Under the modern genetic classification scheme (see Hominini for more on this), apes are in the superfamily Hominoidea. Underneath this hominoid umbrella falls orang-utans, gorillas, chimps and humans in the Family Hominidae. In recognition of their genetic divergence some 11-13 million years ago, the orangutans are placed in the sub-family Ponginae and the African apes, including humans, are lumped together in the Subfamily Homininae. The bipedal apes, namely all of the fossil species as well as living humans, fall into the Tribe Hominini. Some evolutionary biologists include humans and chimpanzees within the same genus, the genus Homo.
 
==Living Apes==
 
=====INFRAORDER CATARRHINI=====<ref name="Fleagle">{{cite book|title=Primate Adaptation and Evolution|accessdate=|author=J. Fleagle|authorlink= |coauthors= |date=1998 |format= |work= |publisher=Academic Press: New York|pages= |language= |archiveurl= |archivedate= |quote= }}</ref><ref name="Szalay">{{cite book |title=Evolutionary History of the Primates|accessdate=|author=F. Szalay and E. Delson|authorlink= |coauthors= |date=2001 |format= |work= |publisher=Academic Press, New York|pages= |language= |archiveurl= |archivedate= |quote= }}</ref
 
=====Superfamily Hominoidea=====
 
======Family Hylobatidae======
 
*White-handed Gibbon ''[[Hylobates lar]]''
*Agile Gibbon ''[[Hylobates agilis]]''
*Mueller's Gibbon ''[[Hylobates muelleri]]''
*Moloch Gibbon ''[[Hylobates moloch]]''
*Pileated Gibbon ''[[Hylobates pileatus]]''
*Kloss' Gibbon ''[[Hylobates klossii]]''
*Hoolock Gibbon ''[[Hylobates hoolock]]''
*Black Gibbon ''[[Hylobates concolor]]''
*Siamang ''[[Hylobates syndactylus]]''
 
======Family Hominidae======
 
*Orang-Utan ''[[Pongo pygmaeus]]''
*Gorilla ''[[Gorilla gorilla]]''
*Pygmy Chimpanzee (Bonobo) ''[[Pan paniscus]]''
*Common Chimpanzee ''[[Pan troglodytes]]''
*Humans ''[[Homo sapiens]]''
 


==References==
==References==
[[reflist]]
{{reflist}}[[Category:Suggestion Bot Tag]]

Latest revision as of 16:00, 11 July 2024

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Apes
Fossil range: Late Oligocene - Recent
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Primates
Suborder: Haplorrhini
Parvorder: Catarrhini
Superfamily: Hominoidea
Gray, 1825
[[taxon|Families]]

Hylobatidae
Hominidae
†Proconsulidae
†Dryopithecidae
†Oreopithecidae

The living apes are primates who are tailless, of relatively large body size and all originate in the Old World. The group includes humans. All apes are catarrhine primates and have eight premolars.

Ape species

Typically included in the grouping "apes" are gibbons and siamangs from southeast Asia, orangutans from Borneo and Sumatra, mountain and lowland gorillas, chimpanzees and bonobos, and humans. Under the modern genetic classification scheme (see Hominin for more on this), apes are in the superfamily Hominoidea. Underneath this hominoid umbrella falls orang-utans, gorillas, chimps and humans in the Family Hominidae. In recognition of their genetic divergence some 11-13 million years ago, the orangutans are placed in the sub-family Ponginae and the African apes, including humans, are lumped together in the Subfamily Homininae. The bipedal apes, namely all of the fossil species as well as living humans, fall into the Tribe Hominini. Some evolutionary biologists include humans and chimpanzees within the same genus, the genus Homo[1][2][3].

References

  1. ↑ L.R. Berger (2001). Is it time to revise the system of scientific naming. National Geographic. Retrieved on 2007-08-10.
  2. ↑ J. Fleagle (1998). Primate Adaptation and Evolution. Academic Press: New York. 
  3. ↑ F. Szalay and E. Delson (2001). Evolutionary History of the Primates. Academic Press, New York. 
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