Adenosine: Difference between revisions

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|synonyms=A, dA, A, Ade, ADE
|synonyms=A, Ade, ADE
|molformula=  
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|molmass=  
|molmass=  
|uses= DNA
|uses= RNA
|properties=nucleic acid
|properties=nucleic acid  
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'''Adenosine''', is one of the nucleotides used to build [[RNA]].  It is also incorporated into [[DNA]], but in DNA the ribose ring is a 2'-deoxyribose ring.  In both DNA and RNA, adenosine is linked to the other nucleotides by phosphodiester bonds at both the 3'- and 5'- positions.  In duplex DNA, the [[adenine]] base present in adenosine is hydrogen bonded with, that is, it forms a base pair with, a [[thymidine]] nucleotide on the opposite DNA strand.
'''Adenosine''', is one of the nucleotides used to build [[RNA]].  It is also incorporated into [[DNA]], but in DNA the ribose ring is a 2'-deoxyribose ring.  In both DNA and RNA, adenosine is linked to the other nucleotides by phosphodiester bonds at both the 3'- and 5'- positions.  In duplex DNA, the [[adenine]] base present in adenosine is hydrogen bonded with, that is, it forms a base pair with, a [[thymidine]] nucleotide on the opposite DNA strand.


== nomenclature ==
== Nomenclature ==
The structure of adenosine contains two distinct parts, the adenine base and the ribose sugar ring.  Because of this, RNA and DNA nomenclature use numbers to describe atoms that are on the base ring while using primed numbers to describe atoms on the ribose ring (see figure).  In DNA the 2'-carbon of adenosine is bound to two hydrogen atoms rather than one proton and one hydroxyl group.
The structure of adenosine contains two distinct parts, the adenine base and the ribose sugar ring.  Because of this, RNA and DNA nomenclature use numbers to describe atoms that are on the base ring while using primed numbers to describe atoms on the ribose ring (see figure).  In DNA the 2'-carbon of adenosine is bound to two hydrogen atoms rather than one proton and one hydroxyl group.
==Clinical role==
Adenosine inhibits the effects intracellular [[cyclic AMP]] thus reducing [[sympathetic nervous system|sympathetic]] stimulation.<ref name="isbn0-07-142280-3">{{cite book |author=Keith Parker; Laurence Brunton; Goodman, Louis Sanford; Lazo, John S.; Gilman, Alfred |authorlink= |editor= |others= |title=Goodman & Gilman's the pharmacological basis of therapeutics |edition=11th |language=|chapter=Chapter 34. Antiarrhythmic Drugs |publisher=McGraw-Hill |location=New York |year=2006 |origyear= |pages= |quote= |isbn=0-07-142280-3 |oclc= |doi= |url= |accessdate=}}</ref>
The drug [[dipyridamole]] potentiates adenosine.
The methylxanthines [[caffeine]] and [[theophylline]] block adenosine receptors leading to increased [[sympathetic nervous system|sympathetic]] stimulation.<ref name="isbn0-07-142280-3"/>
==References==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Reviewed Passed]][[Category:Suggestion Bot Tag]]

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adenosine
IUPAC name:
Synonyms: A, Ade, ADE
Formula:
 Uses: RNA
 Properties: nucleic acid
 Hazards:
Mass (g/mol): CAS #:


Adenosine, is one of the nucleotides used to build RNA. It is also incorporated into DNA, but in DNA the ribose ring is a 2'-deoxyribose ring. In both DNA and RNA, adenosine is linked to the other nucleotides by phosphodiester bonds at both the 3'- and 5'- positions. In duplex DNA, the adenine base present in adenosine is hydrogen bonded with, that is, it forms a base pair with, a thymidine nucleotide on the opposite DNA strand.

Nomenclature

The structure of adenosine contains two distinct parts, the adenine base and the ribose sugar ring. Because of this, RNA and DNA nomenclature use numbers to describe atoms that are on the base ring while using primed numbers to describe atoms on the ribose ring (see figure). In DNA the 2'-carbon of adenosine is bound to two hydrogen atoms rather than one proton and one hydroxyl group.

Clinical role

Adenosine inhibits the effects intracellular cyclic AMP thus reducing sympathetic stimulation.[1]

The drug dipyridamole potentiates adenosine.

The methylxanthines caffeine and theophylline block adenosine receptors leading to increased sympathetic stimulation.[1]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Keith Parker; Laurence Brunton; Goodman, Louis Sanford; Lazo, John S.; Gilman, Alfred (2006). “Chapter 34. Antiarrhythmic Drugs”, Goodman & Gilman's the pharmacological basis of therapeutics, 11th. New York: McGraw-Hill. ISBN 0-07-142280-3. 
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