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== Atomic Radii by Element | == Atomic Radii by Element Number == | ||
'''Note:''' All measurements given are in [[picometre]]s (pm). | '''Note:''' All measurements given are in [[picometre]]s (pm). | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
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| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 16 || S || [[ | | 16 || S || [[sulphur]] | ||
| [[1 E-10 m|100]] | | [[1 E-10 m|100]] | ||
| [[1 E-11 m|88]] | | [[1 E-11 m|88]] |
Latest revision as of 09:16, 6 March 2024
Atomic Radii by Element Number
Note: All measurements given are in picometres (pm).
number | symbol | name | empirical † | calculated | van der Waals | covalent | triple-bond covalent radii |
metallic radii |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | H | hydrogen | 25 | 53 | 120 | 37 | no data | |
2 | He | helium | no data | 31 | 140 | 32 | no data | |
3 | Li | lithium | 145 | 167 | 182 | 134 | no data | 152 |
4 | Be | beryllium | 105 | 112 | no data | 90 | 85 | 112 |
5 | B | boron | 85 | 87 | no data | 82 | 73 | |
6 | C | carbon | 70 | 67 | 170 | 77 | 60 | |
7 | N | nitrogen | 65 | 56 | 155 | 75 | 54 | |
8 | O | oxygen | 60 | 48 | 152 | 73 | 53 | |
9 | F | fluorine | 50 | 42 | 147 | 71 | 53 | |
10 | Ne | neon | no data | 38 | 154 | 69 | no data | |
11 | Na | sodium | 180 | 190 | 227 | 154 | no data | 186 |
12 | Mg | magnesium | 150 | 145 | 173 | 130 | 127 | 160 |
13 | Al | aluminium | 125 | 118 | no data | 118 | 111 | 143 |
14 | Si | silicon | 110 | 111 | 210 | 111 | 102 | |
15 | P | phosphorus | 100 | 98 | 180 | 106 | 94 | |
16 | S | sulphur | 100 | 88 | 180 | 102 | 95 | |
17 | Cl | chlorine | 100 | 79 | 175 | 99 | 93 | |
18 | Ar | argon | 71 | 71 | 188 | 97 | 96 | |
19 | K | potassium | 220 | 243 | 275 | 196 | no data | 227 |
20 | Ca | calcium | 180 | 194 | no data | 174 | 133 | 197 |
21 | Sc | scandium | 160 | 184 | no data | 144 | 114 | 162 a |
22 | Ti | titanium | 140 | 176 | no data | 136 | 108 | 147 |
23 | V | vanadium | 135 | 171 | no data | 125 | 106 | 134 a |
24 | Cr | chromium | 140 | 166 | no data | 127 | 103 | 128 a |
25 | Mn | manganese | 140 | 161 | no data | 139 | 103 | 127 a |
26 | Fe | iron | 140 | 156 | no data | 125 | 102 | 126 a |
27 | Co | cobalt | 135 | 152 | no data | 126 | 96 | 125 a |
28 | Ni | nickel | 135 | 149 | 163 | 121 | 101 | 124 a |
29 | Cu | copper | 135 | 145 | 140 | 138 | 120 | 128 a |
30 | Zn | zinc | 135 | 142 | 139 | 131 | no data | 134 a |
31 | Ga | gallium | 130 | 136 | 187 | 126 | 121 | 135 b |
32 | Ge | germanium | 125 | 125 | no data | 122 | 114 | |
33 | As | arsenic | 115 | 114 | 185 | 119 | 106 | |
34 | Se | selenium | 115 | 103 | 190 | 116 | 107 | |
35 | Br | bromine | 115 | 94 | 185 | 114 | 110 | |
36 | Kr | krypton | no data | 88 | 202 | 110 | 108 | |
37 | Rb | rubidium | 235 | 265 | no data | 211 | no data | 248 |
38 | Sr | strontium | 200 | 219 | no data | 192 | 139 | 215 |
39 | Y | yttrium | 180 | 212 | no data | 162 | 124 | 180 a |
40 | Zr | zirconium | 155 | 206 | no data | 148 | 121 | 160 |
41 | Nb | niobium | 145 | 198 | no data | 137 | 116 | 146 a |
42 | Mo | molybdenum | 145 | 190 | no data | 145 | 113 | 139 a |
43 | Tc | technetium | 135 | 183 | no data | 156 | 110 | 136 a |
44 | Ru | ruthenium | 130 | 178 | no data | 126 | 103 | 134 a |
45 | Rh | rhodium | 135 | 173 | no data | 135 | 106 | 134 a |
46 | Pd | palladium | 140 | 169 | 163 | 131 | 112 | 137 a |
47 | Ag | silver | 160 | 165 | 172 | 153 | 137 | 144 a |
48 | Cd | cadmium | 155 | 161 | 158 | 148 | no data | 151 a |
49 | In | indium | 155 | 156 | 193 | 144 | 146 | 167 |
50 | Sn | tin | 145 | 145 | 217 | 141 | 132 | |
51 | Sb | antimony | 145 | 133 | no data | 138 | 127 | |
52 | Te | tellurium | 140 | 123 | 206 | 135 | 121 | |
53 | I | iodine | 140 | 115 | 198 | 133 | 125 | |
54 | Xe | xenon | no data | 108 | 216 | 130 | 122 | |
55 | Cs | caesium | 260 | 298 | no data | 225 | no data | 265 |
56 | Ba | barium | 215 | 253 | no data | 198 | 149 | 222 |
57 | La | lanthanum | 195 | no data | no data | 169 | 139 | 187 a |
58 | Ce | cerium | 185 | no data | no data | no data | 131 | 181.8 b |
59 | Pr | praseodymium | 185 | 247 | no data | no data | 128 | 182.4 b |
60 | Nd | neodymium | 185 | 206 | no data | no data | no data | 181.4 b |
61 | Pm | promethium | 185 | 205 | no data | no data | no data | 183.4 b |
62 | Sm | samarium | 185 | 238 | no data | no data | no data | 180.4 b |
63 | Eu | europium | 185 | 231 | no data | no data | no data | 208.4 b |
64 | Gd | gadolinium | 180 | 233 | no data | no data | 132 | 180.4 b |
65 | Tb | terbium | 175 | 225 | no data | no data | no data | 177.3 b |
66 | Dy | dysprosium | 175 | 228 | no data | no data | no data | 178.1 b |
67 | Ho | holmium | 175 | no data | no data | no data | no data | 176.2 b |
68 | Er | erbium | 175 | 226 | no data | no data | no data | 176.1 b |
69 | Tm | thulium | 175 | 222 | no data | no data | no data | 175.9 b |
70 | Yb | ytterbium | 175 | 222 | no data | no data | no data | 193.3 b |
71 | Lu | lutetium | 175 | 217 | no data | 160 | 131 | 173.8 b |
72 | Hf | hafnium | 155 | 208 | no data | 150 | 122 | 159 |
73 | Ta | tantalum | 145 | 200 | no data | 138 | 119 | 146 a |
74 | W | tungsten | 135 | 193 | no data | 146 | 115 | 139 a |
75 | Re | rhenium | 135 | 188 | no data | 159 | 110 | 137 a |
76 | Os | osmium | 130 | 185 | no data | 128 | 109 | 135 a |
77 | Ir | iridium | 135 | 180 | no data | 137 | 107 | 135.5 a |
78 | Pt | platinum | 135 | 177 | 175 | 128 | 110 | 138.5 a |
79 | Au | gold | 135 | 174 | 166 | 144 | 123 | 144 a |
80 | Hg | mercury | 150 | 171 | 155 | 149 | no data | 151 a |
81 | Tl | thallium | 190 | 156 | 196 | 148 | 150 | 170 |
82 | Pb | lead | 180 | 154 | 202 | 147 | 137 | |
83 | Bi | bismuth | 160 | 143 | no data | 146 | 135 | |
84 | Po | polonium | 190 | 135 | no data | no data | 129 | |
85 | At | astatine | no data | no data | no data | no data | 138 | |
86 | Rn | radon | no data | 120 | no data | 145 | 133 | |
87 | Fr | francium | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data |
88 | Ra | radium | 215 | no data | no data | no data | 159 | no data |
89 | Ac | actinium | 195 | no data | no data | no data | 140 | |
90 | Th | thorium | 180 | no data | no data | no data | 136 | 179 a |
91 | Pa | protactinium | 180 | no data | no data | no data | 129 | 163 c |
92 | U | uranium | 175 | no data | 186 | no data | 118 | 156 d |
93 | Np | neptunium | 175 | no data | no data | no data | 116 | 155 d |
94 | Pu | plutonium | 175 | no data | no data | no data | no data | 159 d |
95 | Am | americium | 175 | no data | no data | no data | no data | 173 a |
96 | Cm | curium | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data | 174 a |
97 | Bk | berkelium | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data | 170 a |
98 | Cf | californium | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data | 186+/- 2 a |
99 | Es | einsteinium | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data | 186+/- 2 a |
100 | Fm | fermium | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data |
101 | Md | mendelevium | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data |
102 | No | nobelium | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data |
103 | Lr | lawrencium | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data |
104 | Rf | rutherfordium | no data | no data | no data | no data | 131 | no data |
105 | Db | dubnium | no data | no data | no data | no data | 126 | no data |
106 | Sg | seaborgium | no data | no data | no data | no data | 121 | no data |
107 | Bh | bohrium | no data | no data | no data | no data | 119 | no data |
108 | Hs | hassium | no data | no data | no data | no data | 118 | no data |
109 | Mt | meitnerium | no data | no data | no data | no data | 113 | no data |
110 | Ds | darmstadtium | no data | no data | no data | no data | 112 | no data |
111 | Rg | roentgenium | no data | no data | no data | no data | 118 | no data |
112 | Uub | ununbium | no data | no data | no data | no data | 130 | no data |
113 | Uut | ununtrium | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data |
114 | Uuq | ununquadium | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data |
115 | Uup | ununpentium | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data |
116 | Uuh | ununhexium | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data |
Notes
- The radius of an atom is not a uniquely defined property and depends on the definition. Data derived from other sources with different assumptions cannot be compared.
- † to an accuracy of about 5 pm
- (a) 12 coordinate
- (b) gallium has an anomalous crystal structure
- (c) 10 coordinate
References
As quoted at http://www.webelements.com/ from these sources:
Atomic radius (empirical)
- J.C. Slater, J. Chem. Phys. 1964, 41, 3199.
Atomic radius (calculated)
- E. Clementi, D.L.Raimondi, and W.P. Reinhardt, J. Chem. Phys. 1967, 47, 1300.
Van der Waals radius
- A. Bondi, J. Phys. Chem., 1964, 68, 441.
Covalent radius
- R.T. Sanderson in Chemical Periodicity, Reinhold, New York, USA, 1962.
- L.E. Sutton (ed.) in Table of interatomic distances and configuration in molecules and ions, Supplement 1956-1959, Special publication No. 18, Chemical Society, London, UK, 1965.
- J.E. Huheey, E.A. Keiter, and R.L. Keiter in Inorganic Chemistry : Principles of Structure and Reactivity, 4th edition, HarperCollins, New York, USA, 1993.
- W.W. Porterfield in Inorganic chemistry, a unified approach, Addison Wesley Publishing Co., Reading Massachusetts, USA, 1984.
- A.M. James and M.P. Lord in Macmillan's Chemical and Physical Data, Macmillan, London, UK, 1992.
Triple-Bond Covalent Radii
- P.Pyykkö, S. Riedel, M. Patzschke, Chem. Eur. J. 2005, 12, 3511 - 3520. Mean-square deviation 3pm.
- Triple-Bond Covalent Radii Table online: http://www.psichem.de/triple-bond/index.htm