Arab Spring/Addendum: Difference between revisions
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===[[Bahrain]]=== | ===[[Bahrain]]=== | ||
''(Population 1.2 m, 81% Muslim, CPI 2010: 4.9, DI 2010: 3.5, unemployment rate: 3.6%, GDP/head: $40,300)''<br> | ''(Population 1.2 m, 81% Muslim, CPI 2010: 4.9, DI 2010: 3.5, unemployment rate: 3.6%, GDP/head: $40,300)''<br> | ||
Protest movements have been crushed by force, increasing the previously existing tensions between the [[Shi'a|Shi'ite]] majority and the [[Sunni]] minority<ref>{{citation | |||
| title =Popular Protests in North Africa and the Middle East (III): The Bahrain Revolt | | title =Popular Protests in North Africa and the Middle East (III): The Bahrain Revolt | ||
| id = MENA Report No. 105 | | id = MENA Report No. 105 | ||
| date = 6 April 2011 | | date = 6 April 2011 | ||
| publisher = [[International Crisis Group]] | | publisher = [[International Crisis Group]] | ||
| url = http://www.crisisgroup.org/en/regions/middle-east-north-africa/iran-gulf/bahrain/105-popular-protests-in-north-africa-and-the-middle-east-iii-the-bahrain-revolt.aspx}}</ref> | | url = http://www.crisisgroup.org/en/regions/middle-east-north-africa/iran-gulf/bahrain/105-popular-protests-in-north-africa-and-the-middle-east-iii-the-bahrain-revolt.aspx}}</ref>. | ||
===[[Egypt]]=== | ===[[Egypt]]=== | ||
''(Population 82m, 90% Muslim, CPI 2010: 3.1, DI 2010: 3.1,unemployment rate: 9.7%, GDP/head: $6,200)''<br> | ''(Population 82m, 90% Muslim, CPI 2010: 3.1, DI 2010: 3.1,unemployment rate: 9.7%, GDP/head: $6,200)''<br> | ||
Revision as of 08:23, 29 July 2011
Note
CPI denotes the Corruption Protection Index[1], which ranges from 0 for highly corrupt to 10 for totally transparent.
DI denotes Democracy Index [2] which ranges from 0 for totalitarian to 10 for fully democratic.
GI denotes Gini index which is a number between 0 and 100 reflecting the degree of inequality of family income[3].
GDP/head figures are at purchasing power parity exchange rates using CIA World Factbook figures[4].
Arab national movements
Algeria
(Population 35m, 99% Sunni Muslim CPI 2010: 2.9, DI 2010: 3.4, unemployment rate: 9.9%, GDP/head: $7,300), OPEC member
The protests and strikes in January were mainly about living standards and corruption. President Bouteflika responded with cuts in food prices. Protests continued in some localities
Bahrain
(Population 1.2 m, 81% Muslim, CPI 2010: 4.9, DI 2010: 3.5, unemployment rate: 3.6%, GDP/head: $40,300)
Protest movements have been crushed by force, increasing the previously existing tensions between the Shi'ite majority and the Sunni minority[5].
Egypt
(Population 82m, 90% Muslim, CPI 2010: 3.1, DI 2010: 3.1,unemployment rate: 9.7%, GDP/head: $6,200)
Protests ended the 30-year presidency of Hosni Mubarak, replaced by a military council that has promised a transition to democracy. Protests continue.
Jordan
(Population 6.5m, 92% Muslim, CPI 2010:4.7, DI 2010: 3.7, unemployment rate: 13.4%, GDP/head: $5,400)
King Abdullah respnded to the mainly peaceful protests by sacking his Cabinet and appointing a new Prime Minister. There have since been few protests.
Lebanon
(Population 4m, 60% Muslim, 39% Christian, CPI 2010: 2.5,DI 2010: 5.8, unemployment rate:9.2 %, GDP/head: $14,400)
The January protests were against Hezbollah's attempt to take over the country's government.
Libya
(Population 6.6m, 97% Muslim, CPI 2010: 2.3, DI 2010: 1.9, unemployment rate: 20.7%, GDP/head: $14,000), OPEC member
The protests developed into a major civil war with over 10,000 casualties, in which the rebels were supported with NATO supplies and airstrikes. The rebel National Transitional Council has been recognised as the legitimate representative of the Libyan peoplw by the UA and the UK.
Morocco
(Population 40m, 99% Muslim, CPI 2010: 3.4, DI 2010: 3.8, unemployment rate:9.8%, GDP/head: $4,800)
Oman
(Population 3m, 75% Muslim, CPI 2010: 5.3,DI 2010: 2.9, unemployment rate: 15%, GDP/head: $23,600)
The Sultan has responded to protests by promising to give legislative powers to Oman's parliament.
Saudi Arabia
(Population 26m, 100% Muslim, CPI 2010: 4.7, DI 2010: 1.8, unemployment rate: 10.8%, GDP/head: $24,200), OPEC member
Syria
(Population 23m, 90% Muslim, CPI 2010: 2.5, DI 2010: 2.3, unemployment rate: 8.3%, GDP/head: $4,800)
Syrian security forces have fired on unarmed protesters, possibly killing as many as 1,000 of them. President Bashir al-Assad, however, repealed a long-standing and unpopular Emergency Law.[6]
Tunisia
(Population 10.6m, 98% Muslim, CPI 2010: 4.3, DI 2010: 2.8,unemployment rate: 14%, GDP/head: $9,400)
Protesters have forced the resignation of President Zine al-Abidine Mebazaa, and elections have been scheduled for October 2011.
Yemen
(Population 24m, 99% Muslim, CPI 2010: 2.2, DI 2010: 2.6, unemployment rate: 35%, GDP/head: $2,700)
Protests have been about unemployment, malnutrion and corruption. President Saleh is in hospital in Saudi Arabia, having been injured by a rocket.
The international response
League of Arab States
The United Nations
NATO
France
UK
USA
Qatar
United Arab Emirates
References
- ↑ Corruption Perception :Index[1]
- ↑ The Democracy Index 2010, Economist Intelligence Unit
- ↑ Country Comparison, Distribution of Family Income - Gini Index, CIA World Factbook 2011
- ↑ Country Comparison, GDP per Capita (PPP), CIA World Factbook July 2011
- ↑ Popular Protests in North Africa and the Middle East (III): The Bahrain Revolt, International Crisis Group, 6 April 2011, MENA Report No. 105
- ↑ Juan Cole (23 April 2011), "Syrian Security fires on Protesters, Kills 90", Informed Comment