Urolithiasis: Difference between revisions

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(New page: In medicine, '''urolithiasis''' if the "formation of stones in any part of the urinary tract, usually in the kidney; urinary bladder; or the [[urete...)
 
imported>Robert Badgett
 
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In [[medicine]], '''urolithiasis''' if the "formation of [[Calculus (medicine)|stones]] in any part of the [[urinary tract]], usually in the [[kidney]]; [[urinary bladder]]; or the [[ureter]]."<ref>{{MeSH}}</ref>
In [[medicine]], '''urolithiasis''' if the "formation of [[Calculus (medicine)|stones]] in any part of the [[urinary tract]], usually in the [[kidney]]; [[urinary bladder]]; or the [[ureter]]."<ref>{{MeSH}}</ref>


==Classification==
==Classification==
* [[Ureteral Calculi]]
* [[Ureteral calculi]]
* [[Kidney Calculi]]
* [[Kidney calculi]]
* [[Ureteral Calculi]]
* [[Ureteral calculi]]
* [[Urinary Bladder Calculi]]
* [[Urinary bladder calculi]]


==Etiology/cause==
==Etiology/cause==
* Hypercalcuria -     Normal  0              false  false  false      EN-US  X-NONE  X-NONE                                                    MicrosoftInternetExplorer4                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    >140 mg/gm of urine creatinine or >4 mg/kg of body weight
High calcium diets are paradoxically associated with reduced urolithiasis.<ref name="pmid8441427">{{cite journal| author=Curhan GC, Willett WC, Rimm EB, Stampfer MJ| title=A prospective study of dietary calcium and other nutrients and the risk of symptomatic kidney stones. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 1993 | volume= 328 | issue= 12 | pages= 833-8 | pmid=8441427 | doi=10.1056/NEJM199303253281203 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8441427  }} </ref> This may be due to calcium in the diet reducing hyperoxaluria.
* Hyperoxaluria - >40mg in 24 hour urine. May be primary or secondary to disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease
 
*     Normal  0              false  false  false      EN-US  X-NONE  X-NONE                                                    MicrosoftInternetExplorer4                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Hypocitruria
* [[Hypercalcuria]] - >140 mg/gm of urine creatinine or >4 mg/kg of body weight
* Uric acid
* [[Hyperoxaluria]] - >40mg in 24 hour urine. May be primary or secondary to disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease
*     Normal  0              false  false  false      EN-US  X-NONE  X-NONE                                                    MicrosoftInternetExplorer4                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Struvite
* [[Hypocitruria]]
*     Normal  0              false  false  false      EN-US  X-NONE  X-NONE                                                    MicrosoftInternetExplorer4                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Cysteine
* [[Uric acid]]
* Struvite
* [[cystine ]]


==Treatment==
==Treatment==
Line 19: Line 23:
==Prevention==
==Prevention==
[[Chlorthalidone]] reduces recurrence of calcium oxalate stones.<ref name="pmid3280829">{{cite journal| author=Ettinger B, Citron JT, Livermore B, Dolman LI| title=Chlorthalidone reduces calcium oxalate calculous recurrence but magnesium hydroxide does not. | journal=J Urol | year= 1988 | volume= 139 | issue= 4 | pages= 679-84 | pmid=3280829  
[[Chlorthalidone]] reduces recurrence of calcium oxalate stones.<ref name="pmid3280829">{{cite journal| author=Ettinger B, Citron JT, Livermore B, Dolman LI| title=Chlorthalidone reduces calcium oxalate calculous recurrence but magnesium hydroxide does not. | journal=J Urol | year= 1988 | volume= 139 | issue= 4 | pages= 679-84 | pmid=3280829  
| url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=clinical.uthscsa.edu/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=3280829 }} </ref>
| url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=clinical.uthscsa.edu/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=3280829 }} </ref><ref name="pmid19160242">{{cite journal| author=Escribano J, Balaguer A, Pagone F, Feliu A, Roqué I Figuls M| title=Pharmacological interventions for preventing complications in idiopathic hypercalciuria. | journal=Cochrane Database Syst Rev | year= 2009 | volume=  | issue= 1 | pages= CD004754 | pmid=19160242
| url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=clinical.uthscsa.edu/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19160242 | doi=10.1002/14651858.CD004754.pub2 }} </ref>


==References==
==References==
<references/>
<references/>

Latest revision as of 12:40, 19 August 2014

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In medicine, urolithiasis if the "formation of stones in any part of the urinary tract, usually in the kidney; urinary bladder; or the ureter."[1]

Classification

Etiology/cause

High calcium diets are paradoxically associated with reduced urolithiasis.[2] This may be due to calcium in the diet reducing hyperoxaluria.

Treatment

Prevention

Chlorthalidone reduces recurrence of calcium oxalate stones.[3][4]

References