Nitrile: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
imported>Nathaniel Gunby |
imported>Nathaniel Gunby |
||
| Line 6: | Line 6: | ||
*The '''Sandmeyer reaction''' employing cuprous cyanide can be used to form nitriles from diazonium compounds. | *The '''Sandmeyer reaction''' employing cuprous cyanide can be used to form nitriles from diazonium compounds. | ||
*Aryl nitriles may be formed from aryl halides in the '''Rosenmund-von Braun reaction'''. | *Aryl nitriles may be formed from aryl halides in the '''Rosenmund-von Braun reaction'''. | ||
*The reaction of cyanide with aldehydes or ketones forms a cyanohydrin (ά-hydroxynitrile). | |||
*Amides may be dehydrated to nitriles with a variety of reagents | |||
==Reactivity== | ==Reactivity== | ||
Revision as of 16:32, 28 October 2010
A nitrile is an organic compound containing a carbon triple bonded to nitrogen.
Synthesis
- The Sandmeyer reaction employing cuprous cyanide can be used to form nitriles from diazonium compounds.
- Aryl nitriles may be formed from aryl halides in the Rosenmund-von Braun reaction.
- The reaction of cyanide with aldehydes or ketones forms a cyanohydrin (ά-hydroxynitrile).
- Amides may be dehydrated to nitriles with a variety of reagents
Reactivity
- Nitriles are reduced to imines, then hydrolyzed to the aldehyde in the Stephens aldehyde synthesis.
- Beta-ketoesters are formed from alpha-bromoesters and nitriles in the Blaise reaction.
- Nitriles are hydrolysed to amides by acid