English spellings/Catalogs/Retro N: Difference between revisions

From Citizendium
Jump to navigation Jump to search
imported>Ro Thorpe
No edit summary
imported>Ro Thorpe
No edit summary
 
(197 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{subpages}}
{{:English_spellings/Catalogs/Masterlist}}
{{:English_spellings/Catalogs/Masterlist}}
'''bán
'''bán
Line 5: Line 4:
'''Cáliban
'''Cáliban


'''Tálebán''' or, more commonly, '''Tálibán
'''Tálebán''' is now a rare variant of '''Tálibán


'''ürban
'''ürban
'''subürban
'''Dürban


'''türban
'''türban
Line 26: Line 29:


-ìən '''epicûrêan
-ìən '''epicûrêan
BrE '''shŏrn''' = '''Shåun''' = '''Seån


'''fán
'''fán


'''Ìan
'''Reâgan
 
'''begán
 
'''Mégan
 
'''Fínnegan'''
 
'''Rêgan
 
'''vêgan
 
'''Mílligan'''
 
'''Múlligan'''
 
'''hoôligan'''
 
'''Wígan
 
'''Hôgan
 
'''Lôgan
 
'''ŏrgan'''
 
'''Mŏrgan'''
 
'''Hánrahán'''


-íshən -'''ícian
-ləhán '''Cállaghán'''


'''technícian
-nəhən '''Mürnaghan'''


'''patrícian
'''Áfghán


<nowiki>*</nowiki>Óstrâlìən in rapid speech ends like '''míllion''' etc., -lyən:
'''Ìan
'''Austrâlian


-íshən ''abstract'' -'''ítion'''  = ''person'' -'''ícian
-íshən ''abstract'' -'''ítion'''  = ''person'' -'''ícian
Line 45: Line 77:


'''logícian
'''logícian
'''technícian


'''patrícian
'''patrícian
'''musícian
'''mathematícian
'''dietícian


'''politícian
'''politícian


'''mathematícian
'''statistícian
 
''Barbados'' '''Barbâdian
 
'''Arcâdian
 
''Canada'' '''Canâdian
 
''Florida'' '''Florídian
 
'''Índian
 
'''guàrdian
 
<nowiki>*</nowiki>Óstrâlìən in rapid speech ends like '''míllion''' etc., -lyən:
'''Austrâlian


'''reptílian
'''reptílian
Line 59: Line 114:


'''Gíllian
'''Gíllian
''Panama'' '''Panamânian
always -'''ãrian


'''nonagenãrian
'''nonagenãrian
Line 75: Line 134:


'''vegetãrian
'''vegetãrian
'''humanitãrian'''


'''libertãrian
'''libertãrian
'''Brîan
'''Calàbrìan
'''Cantábrìan
'''Âdrìan
'''Hâdrian


'''histŏrian
'''histŏrian
Line 100: Line 171:
'''Dalmâtian
'''Dalmâtian


'''nâtion''' rhymes with '''Crôâtian
'''nâtion''' rhymes with *Crôw-âshən '''Croâtian


'''Alsâtian
'''Alsâtian
Line 113: Line 184:


mostly -mən -'''man  
mostly -mən -'''man  
'''mádman


'''pâcemán
'''pâcemán


'''polìceman
'''polìceman
'''Hôlman''' rhymes with '''Côleman'''


'''hénchman  
'''hénchman  
'''Ammàn


'''Omàn
'''Omàn
wù- '''woman'''


'''Sûpermán
'''Sûpermán
Line 130: Line 209:
'''Cóngressman
'''Cóngressman


'''bátman
'''húntsman
 
''army'' '''bátman
 
''Robin'' '''Bátmán


'''Bátmán
'''hítmán'''


'''fròntmán
'''fròntmán


'''táxmán
'''táxmán
'''bôgeymán


'''Nŷman
'''Nŷman


-ən '''[[Kofi Annan|Kôfi Ànnan]]'''
'''Wŷman
 
-ən '''[[Kofi Annan|Kôfi Ánnan]]'''
 
'''Jôan


'''môan
'''môan
Line 149: Line 238:


''god'' '''Pán''' = ''food'' '''pán
''god'' '''Pán''' = ''food'' '''pán
'''Japán
'''Irān
'''Orān
'''Korān
'''Morán
'''góssan


'''tán
'''tán
sh- '''chàrlatan'''
'''Sâtan'''
''Naples'' '''Neapólitan'''
'''cosmopólitan'''
'''metropólitan'''


'''Tîtan
'''Tîtan
'''súltan'''
'''súntán'''


'''Spàrtan
'''Spàrtan
Line 177: Line 292:


Tŷ- '''Taiwàn
Tŷ- '''Taiwàn
'''Rŷan
'''Brîan''' = '''Brŷan


'''ón''' = ''French'' '''en
'''ón''' = ''French'' '''en
Line 185: Line 304:


-dən -'''den
-dən -'''den
'''Âden'''
'''lâden'''
'''léaden'''
'''Êden'''
'''Swêden


'''wîden
'''wîden
Line 203: Line 332:


'''fén
'''fén
j-: '''gén
usually -jən -'''gen
hard '''g''': '''Fâgen'''
'''smídgen
'''páthogen
'''hálogen
'''hŷdrogen
'''nîtrogen
'''óxygen


'''hén
'''hén
'''v''' sound: '''Stêven''' = '''Stêphen
'''hŷphen


dh- '''thén
dh- '''thén
Line 216: Line 367:
<nowiki>*</nowiki>âylêeən '''âlìen
<nowiki>*</nowiki>âylêeən '''âlìen


'''mêan''' rhymes with '''chòw miên
'''wêaken


'''tâken
'''tâken


'''wêaken
'''brácken
 
can be -ín: '''chícken'''
 
'''quícken'''
 
'''spôken


'''brôken
'''brôken
Line 238: Line 395:
'''swôllen
'''swôllen


'''mén
singular is '''mán''': '''mén
 
singular is -'''man'''; usually -mən, '''é''' when emphasising plural: -'''men
 
'''à'''- BrE, '''â'''- AmE: '''amén'''
 
'''géntlemen'''


-mən in most words -'''men
'''sêmen'''


'''Yémen
'''Yémen
'''spécimen
'''ômen'''
wí- '''women'''


'''spŏrtsmen
'''spŏrtsmen


'''spécimen
<nowiki>*</nowiki>ákyəmən '''ácumen'''  


'''chíldren
'''chíldren
Line 261: Line 430:


<nowiki>*</nowiki>sóffən '''sóften
<nowiki>*</nowiki>sóffən '''sóften
'''kíndergarten


<nowiki>*</nowiki>fāssən '''fāsten
<nowiki>*</nowiki>fāssən '''fāsten


<nowiki>*</nowiki>hâyssən '''hâsten
<nowiki>*</nowiki>hâyssən '''hâsten
'''túngsten


<nowiki>*</nowiki>líssən '''lísten
<nowiki>*</nowiki>líssən '''lísten


<nowiki>*</nowiki>glíssən '''glísten
<nowiki>*</nowiki>glíssən '''glísten
<nowiki>*</nowiki>mǒissən '''mǒisten
'''flátten
'''Pátton''' = '''Pátten


''bird'' '''bíttërn''' ≈ ''bite'' '''bítten
''bird'' '''bíttërn''' ≈ ''bite'' '''bítten
'''smítten
'''Brítain''' = '''Brítten


'''íll-gótten
'''íll-gótten
Line 277: Line 460:


'''hâven
'''hâven
'''mâvin''', '''mâven


'''êven
'''êven
Line 283: Line 468:


'''séven
'''séven
'''v''' sound: '''Stêphen''' = '''Stêven


'''gíven
'''gíven
Line 301: Line 488:


'''wôven
'''wôven
'''Gwén


'''Ôwen
'''Ôwen
'''Díxon''' rhymes with '''víxen'''


'''óxen
'''óxen
Line 309: Line 500:


'''Zén
'''Zén
'''dénizen
'''cítizen


-n -'''gn
-n -'''gn


'''campâign
'''Champâgne''' makes a [[minimal pair]] with '''campâign
 
'''a râin''' = '''arrâign'''


'''vèin''' rhymes with '''dèign
''Denmark'' '''Dâne''' = ''condescend'' '''dèign


''would''  '''fâin''' = ''pretend'' '''fèign
''would''  '''fâin''' = ''pretend'' '''fèign


''wet'' '''râin'''  = ''monarch'' '''rèign  
''wet'' '''râin'''  = ''horse'' '''rèin''' = ''monarch'' '''rèign  


<nowiki>*</nowiki>sóvrin '''sóvereign
<nowiki>*</nowiki>sóvrin '''sóvereign
-'''eig'''- as [[schwa]] (*fórrun): '''fóreign'''


-lîne '''malîgn
-lîne '''malîgn
Line 356: Line 555:
'''mâin
'''mâin


cf. '''germâne''' ''relevant'' = '''Germâine''' ''person': '''remâin
cf. '''germâne''' ''relevant'' = '''Germâine''' ''person'': '''remâin
 
''horse'' '''rèin''' = ''rule'' '''rèign''' = ''wet'' '''râin


'''brâin
'''brâin
'''drâin


'''Bahrâin
'''Bahrâin
'''terrâin


'''trâin
'''trâin
'''strâin
'''restrâin
'''constrâin


'''retâin
'''retâin


''person'' '''Brítten''' = ''native'' '''Bríton'''  = ''country'' '''Brítain
''persons'' '''Brítten''' = '''Brítton''' = ''native'' '''Bríton'''  = ''country'' '''Brítain


-tín '''cáptain
-tín '''cáptain
'''cërtain
'''ascertâin
'''entertâin
'''cürtain'''
'''vâin
'''Wâyne''' = '''Wãin


'''Scriábín
'''Scriábín
Line 383: Line 606:


'''skèin
'''skèin
<nowiki>*</nowiki>chàû-mêan '''chòw mêin'''
''water'' '''râin''' = ''monarch'' '''rèign''' = ''horse'' '''rèin


'''prôtêin
'''prôtêin
Line 391: Line 618:


'''fín
'''fín
'''bóffin
'''cóffin
'''élfin


j- '''gín
j- '''gín
j- '''órigín
j- '''vïrgín


'''thín
'''thín
<nowiki>*</nowiki>wíth ín '''withín
'''Swíthin
'''mánikin
'''lárrikin
'''pípkin


'''adrénalíne''' or '''adrénalín'''
'''adrénalíne''' or '''adrénalín'''


'''Stàlín
'''Stàlín
'''penicíllin
'''ampicíllin


'''kâolin
'''kâolin
'''mándolin'''


'''violín
'''violín
Line 413: Line 666:


'''pín
'''pín
sh- BrE '''chágrin''' AmE '''chagrìn


'''sín
'''sín
Line 421: Line 676:


'''tín
'''tín
'''crétin'''


'''Pûtín
'''Pûtín


'''Gávín
'''Gávín
'''mâven''', '''mâvin


'''Kévín
'''Kévín
'''Lévin
'''Prévin


'''Álvin
'''Álvin
'''Élvin
'''Màrvin


-m -'''mn
-m -'''mn
Line 445: Line 712:


''out'' '''ín''' = ''pub'' '''ínn  
''out'' '''ín''' = ''pub'' '''ínn  
cf. '''Glýn''': '''Flýnn
'''wín''' = '''Wýnn


'''ón
'''ón


mostly schwa, as are '''Cámden''', '''Màrsden''', '''Hámpden''', '''Hámpton''': -'''on
mostly schwa, as are '''Cámden''', '''Màrsden''', '''Hámpden''' ≈ '''Hámpton''': -'''on


'''càrbon
'''càrbon
'''bâcon
'''bêacon
'''Mácón'''
'''Méxican''' rhymes with '''léxicon'''


''university, clothing'' '''dón
''university, clothing'' '''dón
'''Wímbledon'''
'''Básildon'''
'''Brándon'''


'''Héndon
'''Héndon
'''Bréndan''' = '''Bréndon'''


'''Lòndon
'''Lòndon
Line 463: Line 750:


'''gàrden''' makes a [[minimal pair]] with '''Gŏrdon
'''gàrden''' makes a [[minimal pair]] with '''Gŏrdon
'''Ôdeon'''
-jən -'''geon'''
'''ín hîgh dúdgeon'''


'''curmúdgeon
'''curmúdgeon
Line 470: Line 763:
-njən '''dúngeon
-njən '''dúngeon


-jən '''sürgeon
'''sürgeon


-jən '''stürgeon
'''stürgeon


-nchən '''trúncheon
-nchən '''trúncheon
Line 495: Line 788:


BrE *pólygən, AmE '''pólygón
BrE *pólygən, AmE '''pólygón
AmE can be -'''ón''': '''márathon'''
AmE can be -'''ón''': '''pýthon'''


'''îón
'''îón
Line 500: Line 797:
-yən -'''ion
-yən -'''ion


most words spelt thus in Spanish are -'''tion''' in English -'''cion
most words spelt thus in Spanish are -'''tion''' in English: -'''cion


-sh- '''suspícion
-sh- '''suspícion
Line 507: Line 804:


-sh- '''côërcion
-sh- '''côërcion
'''scîon'''
'''accŏrdion'''


'''rêgion
'''rêgion
Line 514: Line 815:
'''relígion
'''relígion


'''fáshion
'''pássion''' rhymes with '''fáshion


cf. '''percússion''', also -sh-: '''cùshion
cf. '''percússion''', also -sh-: '''cùshion
Line 521: Line 822:


'''battálion
'''battálion
'''Vocálion''', '''Vocâlion'''
'''Pygmâlion'''
'''dándelîon'''


'''vermílion
'''vermílion
Line 537: Line 844:


'''ûnion
'''ûnion
'''scǒrpion'''


'''Orîon
'''Orîon
'''cárrion


'''centûrion
'''centûrion


-zhən after vowels; -shən after consonants, including after another '''s''' and, in BrE, after another '''r''': -'''sion
-zhən after vowels, -shən after consonants, including after another '''s''';  after '''r''': BrE -shən, AmE -zhən: -'''sion


'''occâsion
'''occâsion
Line 555: Line 866:


'''revísion
'''revísion
'''divísion
'''súbdivision
'''supervísion
'''revúlsion


'''scánsion
'''scánsion
Line 575: Line 894:


-shən in BrE, -zhən in AmE -'''rsion
-shən in BrE, -zhən in AmE -'''rsion
'''immërsion


'''avërsion  
'''avërsion  
Line 583: Line 904:


'''excürsion
'''excürsion
-shn -'''ssion'''
'''fáshion''' rhymes with '''pássion
'''compássion
'''concéssion


'''conféssion
'''conféssion
Line 595: Line 924:


'''séssion
'''séssion
'''físsion'''


'''míssion
'''míssion


ím- '''emíssion
ím- '''emíssion
'''commíssion'''


əm- '''omíssion
əm- '''omíssion


-sh- '''percússion
'''concússion
 
'''percússion


'''fûsion
'''fûsion
Line 619: Line 954:


'''creâtion
'''creâtion
'''recreâtion
'''allegâtion


'''renunciâtion
'''renunciâtion


'''pronunciâtion
'''pronunciâtion
'''revelâtion


'''installátion
'''installátion
Line 633: Line 974:


'''nâtion
'''nâtion
'''emanâtion'''
dézzig- '''designâtion'''
rézzig- '''resignâtion'''
'''examinâtion'''
'''abominâtion'''
'''dominâtion'''
'''nominâtion'''
'''culminâtion'''


'''rátion
'''rátion
'''reparâtion


vî- '''vibrâtion
vî- '''vibrâtion


mî- '''migrâtion
mî- '''migrâtion
émí- '''emigrâtion
'''immigrâtion


'''abberâtion
'''abberâtion
'''cô-operâtion


'''orâtion
'''orâtion
Line 647: Line 1,012:


'''collaborâtion
'''collaborâtion
AmE '''colorâtion
'''corporâtion'''
'''durâtion'''
BrE '''colourâtion
'''affectâtion
'''recitâtion
'''levitâtion
'''indentâtion
'''aggravâtion
'''deprivâtion
'''ovâtion
'''relaxâtion
'''annexâtion


-kshən -'''ction  
-kshən -'''ction  
Line 655: Line 1,046:


'''conféction
'''conféction
''low'' '''abjéction''' = ''no'' '''objéction'''


BrE can be -'''éxion''': '''refléction
BrE can be -'''éxion''': '''refléction
Line 665: Line 1,058:


'''diréction
'''diréction
'''díction


'''contradíction
'''contradíction
'''benedíction


<nowiki>*</nowiki>sángktchən '''sánction
<nowiki>*</nowiki>sángktchən '''sánction
Line 677: Line 1,074:


<nowiki>*</nowiki>cəmpúngkshən '''compúnction
<nowiki>*</nowiki>cəmpúngkshən '''compúnction
'''destrúction'''
'''súction'''
'''delêtion


'''complêtion
'''complêtion
Line 696: Line 1,099:
'''frûítion
'''frûítion


-énshən -'''éntion''' = -'''énsion'''
-énshən -'''énsion''' = -'''éntion'''


'''méntion
'''méntion
Line 715: Line 1,118:


'''excéption
'''excéption
'''redémption
'''exémption


'''óption
'''óption
Line 721: Line 1,128:


'''erúption
'''erúption
'''disrúption'''


'''abŏrtion
'''abŏrtion


'''contŏrtion
'''contŏrtion
<nowiki>*</nowiki>dî-jéshchən '''digéstion
<nowiki>*</nowiki>indijéshchən '''indigéstion
<nowiki>*</nowiki>cənjéshchən '''congéstion


'''contribûtion
'''contribûtion


'''distribûtion
'''distribûtion
'''execûtion'''
'''ablûtion


'''pollûtion
'''pollûtion
Line 736: Line 1,155:
'''ré'''- '''resolûtion
'''ré'''- '''resolûtion


BrE '''ê'''-, AmE '''ê'''- '''evolûtion  
'''ê'''-, '''é'''- '''evolûtion  
 
'''dé'''- '''devolûtion'''


'''ré'''- '''revolûtion
'''ré'''- '''revolûtion
Line 746: Line 1,167:
cf. '''conféction''': *compléction '''compléxion'''
cf. '''conféction''': *compléction '''compléxion'''


cf. '''convíction''': '''crucifíxion'''
'''fíction''' rhymes with '''crucifíxion'''


'''Yûkón
'''Yûkón
'''sálón'''
'''tálon'''
-'''áthlón


'''nŷlón'''
'''nŷlón'''
'''pŷlón'''


'''dêmon
'''dêmon


'''lémon
'''lémon
'''gámmon'''
'''Mámmon'''
'''cómmon'''


'''Sólomon
'''Sólomon
Line 767: Line 1,202:


'''moôn
'''moôn
'''raccoôn''' or '''racoôn
'''cocoôn
'''tycôon'''


'''buffoôn
'''buffoôn
'''typhôon'''


'''balloôn
'''balloôn
'''Walloôn'''


'''lampoôn
'''lampoôn


'''harpoôn
'''harpoôn
'''spitoôn'''


cf. '''càrton''': '''cartoôn
cf. '''càrton''': '''cartoôn
Line 793: Line 1,240:


sh- '''chévrón
sh- '''chévrón
'''Bŷron
'''Stŷron


''boy'' '''sòn
''boy'' '''sòn
Line 805: Line 1,256:


'''Hénderson
'''Hénderson
'''bátón'''


'''Áshton
'''Áshton
Line 817: Line 1,270:


'''Hámpton
'''Hámpton
'''Cómpton''', '''Còmpton'''


'''Úpton
'''Úpton
Line 857: Line 1,312:


'''lëarn
'''lëarn
'''yëarn


cf. '''wårm''', '''wörm''': ''wear'' '''wŏrn''' = ''person'' '''Wårne''' =  ''warning'' '''wårn
cf. '''wårm''', '''wörm''': ''wear'' '''wŏrn''' = ''person'' '''Wårne''' =  ''warning'' '''wårn
Line 871: Line 1,328:


''persons'' '''Pátten''' = '''Pátton''' = BrE ''arrange'' '''páttern
''persons'' '''Pátten''' = '''Pátton''' = BrE ''arrange'' '''páttern
'''cávern
'''távern
'''wŷvern


'''bŏrn
'''bŏrn
'''neŵbŏrn


'''cŏrn
'''cŏrn
'''hŏrn
'''pŏrn


cf. ''wriggly'' '''wörm''' - ''warning'' '''wårn''' = ''wear'' '''wŏrn
cf. ''wriggly'' '''wörm''' - ''warning'' '''wårn''' = ''wear'' '''wŏrn
Line 883: Line 1,352:


'''chürn
'''chürn
'''adjöurn'''
''morning'' '''mǒrn''' = ''death'' '''moůrn'''


''round'' '''türn
''round'' '''türn
Line 903: Line 1,376:


'''spåwn
'''spåwn
'''dråwn


'''pråwn
'''pråwn


'''heŵn
'''heŵn
'''streŵn


<nowiki>*</nowiki>sône ''seed'' '''sewn
<nowiki>*</nowiki>sône ''seed'' '''sewn
'''ôwn'''


'''gòwn
'''gòwn
Line 923: Line 1,402:


'''cròwn
'''cròwn
'''dròwn


'''grôwn
'''grôwn


'''tòwn
'''tòwn
'''Flýnn''' rhymes with '''Glýn
'''Boleýn
'''Neŵlyn
'''Sélwyn

Latest revision as of 10:22, 25 June 2017

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
Use in English
Alphabetical word list
Retroalphabetical list  
Common misspellings  


This page lists pronunciations of English words that end in N. The list is in retroalphabetical order, that is, alphabetically beginning with the final letter of the word (in this case N) and continuing backwards through it.

The apostrophe is treated as the last letter of the alphabet, after Z. Click on the blue "Catalogs" link below the article title for a pronunciation key.[e]

bán

Cáliban

Tálebán is now a rare variant of Tálibán

ürban

subürban

Dürban

türban

cán

Gŏrdon rhymes with Jŏrdan

-tion crustâcean

lôtion rhymes with ôcean

dêan

clêan

mêan

-ìən epicûrêan

BrE shŏrn = Shåun = Seån

fán

Reâgan

begán

Mégan

Fínnegan

Rêgan

vêgan

Mílligan

Múlligan

hoôligan

Wígan

Hôgan

Lôgan

ŏrgan

Mŏrgan

Hánrahán

-ləhán Cállaghán

-nəhən Mürnaghan

Áfghán

Ìan

-íshən abstract -ítion = person -ícian

magícian

logícian

technícian

patrícian

musícian

mathematícian

dietícian

politícian

statistícian

Barbados Barbâdian

Arcâdian

Canada Canâdian

Florida Florídian

Índian

guàrdian

*Óstrâlìən in rapid speech ends like míllion etc., -lyən: Austrâlian

reptílian

civílian

Brazílian

Gíllian

Panama Panamânian

always -ãrian

nonagenãrian

quinquagenãrian

septuagenãrian

sexagenãrian

octogenãrian

lîbrãrian

sectãrian

vegetãrian

humanitãrian

libertãrian

Brîan

Calàbrìan

Cantábrìan

Âdrìan

Hâdrian

histŏrian

from -sia + n, = -sion, mostly -zh- -sian

-zh- Âsian

-zh- Caucâsian

-zh- Frêsian

Artêsian

Cartêsian

AmE -izh-, BrE -ízì- Parísian

-shən = -tion -tian

Hâitian

Dalmâtian

nâtion rhymes with *Crôw-âshən Croâtian

Alsâtian

Títian

-bîzh- Azerbaijàn

mán

*Îləv-Mán Îsle of Mán

mostly -mən -man

mádman

pâcemán

polìceman

Hôlman rhymes with Côleman

hénchman

Ammàn

Omàn

wù- woman

Sûpermán

gásmán

ómbùdsman

Cóngressman

húntsman

army bátman

Robin Bátmán

hítmán

fròntmán

táxmán

bôgeymán

Nŷman

Wŷman

-ən Kôfi Ánnan

Jôan

môan

alone lône = lend lôan

grôan

god Pán = food pán

Japán

Irān

Orān

Korān

Morán

góssan

tán

sh- chàrlatan

Sâtan

Naples Neapólitan

cosmopólitan

metropólitan

Tîtan

súltan

súntán

Spàrtan

tàrtan

can be stressed in any word depending on speaker; below are probably the most common pronunciations: -stān

Pakistàn

Uzbékistan

Tajíkistan

Afghánistan

Wazíristan

Manháttan

ván

ẁan

Tŷ- Taiwàn

Rŷan

Brîan = Brŷan

ón = French en

N én

dén

-dən -den

Âden

lâden

léaden

Êden

Swêden

wîden

cf. Lòndon, both -dən: Cámden

Hámpden

Màrsden

Shêen = shêen

splêen

cf. gángrêne: grêen

sêen

fén

j-: gén

usually -jən -gen

hard g: Fâgen

smídgen

páthogen

hálogen

hŷdrogen

nîtrogen

óxygen

hén

v sound: Stêven = Stêphen

hŷphen

dh- thén

léngthen

stréngthen

Tólkiên

*âylêeən âlìen

wêaken

tâken

brácken

can be -ín: chícken

quícken

spôken

brôken

tôken

wôken

dàrken

heàrken

woòllen

póllen

swôllen

singular is mán: mén

singular is -man; usually -mən, é when emphasising plural: -men

à- BrE, â- AmE: amén

géntlemen

sêmen

Yémen

spécimen

ômen

wí- women

spŏrtsmen

*ákyəmən ácumen

chíldren

bréthren

wörsen

léssen

delicatéssen

bêaten

*sóffən sóften

kíndergarten

*fāssən fāsten

*hâyssən hâsten

túngsten

*líssən lísten

*glíssən glísten

*mǒissən mǒisten

flátten

Pátton = Pátten

bird bíttërn ≈ bite bítten

smítten

Brítain = Brítten

íll-gótten

héaven

hâven

mâvin, mâven

êven

eléven

séven

v sound: Stêphen = Stêven

gíven

lîven

enlîven

ríven

shríven

òven

còven

or prû- prôven

wôven

Gwén

Ôwen

Díxon rhymes with víxen

óxen

yén

Zén

dénizen

cítizen

-n -gn

Champâgne makes a minimal pair with campâign

a râin = arrâign

Denmark Dâne = condescend dèign

would fâin = pretend fèign

wet râin = horse rèin = monarch rèign

*sóvrin sóvereign

-eig- as schwa (*fórrun): fóreign

-lîne malîgn

-nîne benîgn

mathematics sîne = signal sîgn

-zîne desîgn

-zîne resîgn

-sîne énsîgn

-pyûne impûgn

Jóhn

Kôhn

pub ínn = out ín

Câin

disdâin

gâin

*əgén; some regularise it to agâin: again

slâin

explâin

mâin

cf. germâne relevant = Germâine person: remâin

horse rèin = rule rèign = wet râin

brâin

drâin

Bahrâin

terrâin

trâin

strâin

restrâin

constrâin

retâin

persons Brítten = Brítton = native Bríton = country Brítain

-tín cáptain

cërtain

ascertâin

entertâin

cürtain

vâin

Wâyne = Wãin

Scriábín

Dóbbin

person Róbin = bird róbin

Tôbin

dín

Bórodín

skèin

*chàû-mêan chòw mêin

water râin = monarch rèign = horse rèin

prôtêin

Elmer Bërnstêin

Leonard Bërnsteîn

fín

bóffin

cóffin

élfin

j- gín

j- órigín

j- vïrgín

thín

*wíth ín withín

Swíthin

mánikin

lárrikin

pípkin

adrénalíne or adrénalín

Stàlín

penicíllin

ampicíllin

kâolin

mándolin

violín

Berlín

Mërlin

Lénín

detërmine rhymes with vërmin

pín

sh- BrE chágrin AmE chagrìn

sín

-ss- bâsin

-z- résin

tín

crétin

Pûtín

Gávín

mâven, mâvin

Kévín

Lévin

Prévin

Álvin

Élvin

Màrvin

-m -mn

water dám = condemn dámn

condémn

sólemn

cólumn

åutumn

man hím = church hýmn

out ín = pub ínn

cf. Glýn: Flýnn

wín = Wýnn

ón

mostly schwa, as are Cámden, Màrsden, Hámpden ≈ Hámpton: -on

càrbon

bâcon

bêacon

Mácón

Méxican rhymes with léxicon

university, clothing dón

Wímbledon

Básildon

Brándon

Héndon

Bréndan = Bréndon

Lòndon

mástodón

cŏrdon

gàrden makes a minimal pair with Gŏrdon

Ôdeon

-jən -geon

ín hîgh dúdgeon

curmúdgeon

pígeon

-njən dúngeon

sürgeon

stürgeon

-nchən trúncheon

or -nyən: bandônêon

Lêón

*kəmêlêən; AmE -mê-; in fast speech -lyən, like míllion, Austrâlian: chamaêlêon

*gállìon gálleon

Napôleon

nêón

péntagon

bándwagon

àrgón

BrE *pólygən, AmE pólygón

AmE can be -ón: márathon

AmE can be -ón: pýthon

îón

-yən -ion

most words spelt thus in Spanish are -tion in English: -cion

-sh- suspícion

Asunción

-sh- côërcion

scîon

accŏrdion

rêgion

lêgion

relígion

pássion rhymes with fáshion

cf. percússion, also -sh-: cùshion

lîon

battálion

Vocálion, Vocâlion

Pygmâlion

dándelîon

vermílion

gálleon rhymes with stállion

bíllion

míllion

tríllion

búllion

ònion

ûnion

scǒrpion

Orîon

cárrion

centûrion

-zhən after vowels, -shən after consonants, including after another s; after r: BrE -shən, AmE -zhən: -sion

occâsion

invâsion

lêsion

vísion

télevision

revísion

divísion

súbdivision

supervísion

revúlsion

scánsion

expánsion

-énshən -éntion = -énsion

comprehénsion

pénsion

suspénsion

ténsion

preténsion

exténsion

-shən in BrE, -zhən in AmE -rsion

immërsion

avërsion

dîvërsion

convërsion

excürsion

-shn -ssion

fáshion rhymes with pássion

compássion

concéssion

conféssion

dîgréssion

depréssion

expréssion

compréssion

séssion

físsion

míssion

ím- emíssion

commíssion

əm- omíssion

concússion

percússion

fûsion

delûsion

illûsion

intrûsion

mostly -shən –tion

inundâtion

foundâtion

creâtion

recreâtion

allegâtion

renunciâtion

pronunciâtion

revelâtion

installátion

constellátion

confirmâtion

formâtion

nâtion

emanâtion

dézzig- designâtion

rézzig- resignâtion

examinâtion

abominâtion

dominâtion

nominâtion

culminâtion

rátion

reparâtion

vî- vibrâtion

mî- migrâtion

émí- emigrâtion

immigrâtion

abberâtion

cô-operâtion

orâtion

elaborâtion

collaborâtion

AmE colorâtion

corporâtion

durâtion

BrE colourâtion

affectâtion

recitâtion

levitâtion

indentâtion

aggravâtion

deprivâtion

ovâtion

relaxâtion

annexâtion

-kshən -ction

áction

afféction

conféction

low abjéction = no objéction

BrE can be -éxion: refléction

colléction

BrE can be -éxion: connéction

eréction

diréction

díction

contradíction

benedíction

*sángktchən sánction

*úngktchən únction

*fúngktchən fúnction

*júngktchən júnction

*cəmpúngkshən compúnction

destrúction

súction

delêtion

complêtion

discrétion

ignítion

definítion

preposítion

proposítion

opposítion

competítion

frûítion

-énshən -énsion = -éntion

méntion

deténtion

inténtion

atténtion

prevéntion

ôcean rhymes with lôtion

devôtion

cáption

excéption

redémption

exémption

óption

absŏrption

erúption

disrúption

abŏrtion

contŏrtion

*dî-jéshchən digéstion

*indijéshchən indigéstion

*cənjéshchən congéstion

contribûtion

distribûtion

execûtion

ablûtion

pollûtion

solûtion

ré- resolûtion

ê-, é- evolûtion

dé- devolûtion

ré- revolûtion

-éxion is, except for compléxion, BrE only: other words end in -éction: éxion

so AmE, BrE refléction = BrE only refléxion

cf. conféction: *compléction compléxion

fíction rhymes with crucifíxion

Yûkón

sálón

tálon

-áthlón

nŷlón

pŷlón

dêmon

lémon

gámmon

Mámmon

cómmon

Sólomon

Lébanon

cánnon

Shánnon

Lénnon

moôn

raccoôn or racoôn

cocoôn

tycôon

buffoôn

typhôon

balloôn

Walloôn

lampoôn

harpoôn

spitoôn

cf. càrton: cartoôn

upón

person Bárron = lord báron

person Sháron

person AmE Sharôn, BrE Sharón

sáffron

eléctrón

neûtrón

sh- chévrón

Bŷron

Stŷron

boy sòn

bîson

pŏison

príson

Ánderson

Hénderson

bátón

Áshton

Élton

Lýttelton

prôtón

Clápton

Hámpton

Cómpton, Còmpton

Úpton

càrton

Nŏrton

east êastern BrE = person Êaston

west wéstern BrE = person Wéston

cf. Féatherstone, etc. Ålston

Màrston

Rŏyston

bútton

mútton

Sútton

wòn

cf. Jáckson, Híckson, etc. Díxon

Níxon

Ríxon

Éxxón

bàrn

dàrn

ëarn

lëarn

yëarn

cf. wårm, wörm: wear wŏrn = person Wårne = warning wårn

yàrn

direction türn = bird tërn

lántern

stërn

astërn

persons Pátten = Pátton = BrE arrange páttern

cávern

távern

wŷvern

bŏrn

neŵbŏrn

cŏrn

hŏrn

pŏrn

cf. wriggly wörm - warning wårn = wear wŏrn

ürn

bürn

chürn

adjöurn

morning mǒrn = death moůrn

round türn

do dòne = colour dún

fún

gún

nòun

shine sún

Whítsun

dåwn

påwn

spåwn

dråwn

pråwn

heŵn

streŵn

*sône seed sewn

ôwn

gòwn

blôwn

môwn

renòwn

*nôan knôwn

bròwn

cròwn

dròwn

grôwn

tòwn

Flýnn rhymes with Glýn

Boleýn

Neŵlyn

Sélwyn

Retrieved from "https://citizendium.org/wiki/index.php?title=English_spellings/Catalogs/Retro_N&oldid=592617"