User:Milton Beychok/Sandbox: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
imported>Milton Beychok |
imported>Milton Beychok |
||
Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
==Thin-plate orifices== | ==Thin-plate orifices== | ||
Experiments carried out by RG Cunningham (1951)<ref>{{cite journal|author=R.G. Cunningham|year=1951|month=|title=Orifice Meters With Supercritical Flow|journal=Trans. ASME |volume=73|issue= |pages=625-630|issn=}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Richard W. Miller|title=Flow Measurement Engineering Handbook|edition=Third Edition|publisher=McGraw Hill|year=1996|isbn=0-07-042366-0}}</ref> demonstrated that the assumption that choked flow could occur for gases flowing through thin, square-edged orifice plates is not correct. The flow continued to increase as the downstream pressure was reduced to as low as 0.2 of the upstream pressure.<ref name=DKB>[http://members.ozemail.com.au/~denniskb/calcs/TECH%20MEMO_Y%20Factor.pdf Flow through Orifice Plates in Compressible Fluid Service at High Pressure Drop]</ref> | |||
<ref>{{cite book|author=Richard W. Miller|title=Flow Measurement Engineering Handbook|edition=Third Edition|publisher=McGraw Hill|year=1996|isbn=0-07-042366-0}}</ref> | |||
Cunningham’s work included tests using air and steam with the results and conclusions presented as tables, charts and formulas. Limited information was provided for the tests with steam.<ref name=DKB/> | |||
Critical flow can, however, be expected for thick orifice plates (i.e. plates with a thickness of at least 6 times the orifice hole diameter.<ref name=DKB/> | |||
{{reflist}} | {{reflist}} |
Revision as of 19:54, 5 January 2009
Thin-plate orifices
Experiments carried out by RG Cunningham (1951)[1][2] demonstrated that the assumption that choked flow could occur for gases flowing through thin, square-edged orifice plates is not correct. The flow continued to increase as the downstream pressure was reduced to as low as 0.2 of the upstream pressure.[3]
Cunningham’s work included tests using air and steam with the results and conclusions presented as tables, charts and formulas. Limited information was provided for the tests with steam.[3]
Critical flow can, however, be expected for thick orifice plates (i.e. plates with a thickness of at least 6 times the orifice hole diameter.[3]
- ↑ R.G. Cunningham (1951). "Orifice Meters With Supercritical Flow". Trans. ASME 73: 625-630.
- ↑ Richard W. Miller (1996). Flow Measurement Engineering Handbook, Third Edition. McGraw Hill. ISBN 0-07-042366-0.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Flow through Orifice Plates in Compressible Fluid Service at High Pressure Drop