United States Secretary of the Treasury: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
imported>Richard Jensen (add bibl) |
imported>Richard Jensen (Treasurer; Fed; unlink states) |
||
| Line 8: | Line 8: | ||
}}</ref> | }}</ref> | ||
The first and most influential secretary was [[Alexander Hamilton]] (1789-1794), who established the new nation's finances on a sound bases, and to provide political support created the world's first voter-based political party, the [[Federalist Party]], using the Treasury's national network of supporters. | The first and most influential secretary was [[Alexander Hamilton]] (1789-1794), who established the new nation's finances on a sound bases, and to provide political support created the world's first voter-based political party, the [[Federalist Party]], using the Treasury's national network of supporters. | ||
The Secretary shares with the Chairman of the [[Federal Reserve System]] the status as the most powerful decision-maker in financial policy.<ref> The "Treasurer of the United States" is a separate position, mostly honorific and without power. The Treasurer and Secretary both have their cuignature on paper currency.</ref> | |||
In most countries this position is generally known as the [[Minister of Finance]]; Britain calls it the [[Chancellor of the Exchequer]]. The Secretary is fifth in the [[Presidential Line of Succession|line of succession]] to the Presidency. The current Secretary is [[Henry Paulson]]. | In most countries this position is generally known as the [[Minister of Finance]]; Britain calls it the [[Chancellor of the Exchequer]]. The Secretary is fifth in the [[Presidential Line of Succession|line of succession]] to the Presidency. The current Secretary is [[Henry Paulson]]. | ||
| Line 17: | Line 19: | ||
! '''name''' !! '''term(s) and appointing President''' | ! '''name''' !! '''term(s) and appointing President''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Alexander Hamilton]]<br> | | [[Alexander Hamilton]]<br>New York || | ||
{| | {| | ||
| Sept. 11, 1789 || Jan. 31, 1795 || [[George Washington]] | | Sept. 11, 1789 || Jan. 31, 1795 || [[George Washington]] | ||
|} | |} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Oliver Wolcott Jr.]]<br> | | [[Oliver Wolcott Jr.]]<br>Connecticut || | ||
{| | {| | ||
| Feb. 3, 1795 || Mar. 3, 1797 || [[George Washington]] | | Feb. 3, 1795 || Mar. 3, 1797 || [[George Washington]] | ||
| Line 29: | Line 31: | ||
|} | |} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Samuel Dexter]]<br> | | [[Samuel Dexter]]<br>Massachusetts || | ||
{| | {| | ||
| Jan. 1, 1801 || Mar. 3, 1801 || [[John Adams]] | | Jan. 1, 1801 || Mar. 3, 1801 || [[John Adams]] | ||
| Line 36: | Line 38: | ||
|} | |} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Albert Gallatin]]<br> | | [[Albert Gallatin]]<br>Pennsylvania || | ||
{| | {| | ||
| May 14, 1801 || Mar. 3, 1809 || [[Thomas Jefferson]] | | May 14, 1801 || Mar. 3, 1809 || [[Thomas Jefferson]] | ||
| Line 43: | Line 45: | ||
|} | |} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[George W. Campbell]]<br> | | [[George W. Campbell]]<br>Tennessee || | ||
{| | {| | ||
| Feb. 9, 1814 || Sept. 26, 1814 || [[James Madison]] | | Feb. 9, 1814 || Sept. 26, 1814 || [[James Madison]] | ||
|} | |} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Alexander J. Dallas]]<br> | | [[Alexander J. Dallas]]<br>Pennsylvania || | ||
{| | {| | ||
| Oct. 6, 1814 || Oct. 21, 1816 || [[James Madison]] | | Oct. 6, 1814 || Oct. 21, 1816 || [[James Madison]] | ||
|} | |} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[William H. Crawford]]<br> | | [[William H. Crawford]]<br>Georgia || | ||
{| | {| | ||
| Oct. 22, 1816 || Mar. 3, 1817 || [[James Madison]] | | Oct. 22, 1816 || Mar. 3, 1817 || [[James Madison]] | ||
| Line 60: | Line 62: | ||
|} | |} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Richard Rush]]<br> | | [[Richard Rush]]<br>Pennsylvania || | ||
{| | {| | ||
| Mar. 7, 1825 || Mar. 3, 1829 || [[John Quincy Adams]] | | Mar. 7, 1825 || Mar. 3, 1829 || [[John Quincy Adams]] | ||
|} | |} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Samuel D. Ingham]]<br> | | [[Samuel D. Ingham]]<br>Pennsylvania || | ||
{| | {| | ||
| Mar. 6, 1829 || Jun. 20, 1831 || [[Andrew Jackson]] | | Mar. 6, 1829 || Jun. 20, 1831 || [[Andrew Jackson]] | ||
|} | |} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Louis McLane]]<br> | | [[Louis McLane]]<br>Delaware || | ||
{| | {| | ||
| Aug. 8, 1831 || May 29, 1833 || [[Andrew Jackson]] | | Aug. 8, 1831 || May 29, 1833 || [[Andrew Jackson]] | ||
|} | |} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[William J. Duane]]<br> | | [[William J. Duane]]<br>Pennsylvania || | ||
{| | {| | ||
| May 29, 1833 || Sep. 23, 1833 || [[Andrew Jackson]] | | May 29, 1833 || Sep. 23, 1833 || [[Andrew Jackson]] | ||
|} | |} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Roger B. Taney]]<br> | | [[Roger B. Taney]]<br>Maryland || | ||
{| | {| | ||
| Sep. 23, 1833 || Jun. 24, 1834 || [[Andrew Jackson]] | | Sep. 23, 1833 || Jun. 24, 1834 || [[Andrew Jackson]] | ||
|} | |} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Levi Woodbury]]<br> | | [[Levi Woodbury]]<br>New Hampshire || | ||
{| | {| | ||
| Jul. 1, 1834 || Mar. 3, 1837 || [[Andrew Jackson]] | | Jul. 1, 1834 || Mar. 3, 1837 || [[Andrew Jackson]] | ||
| Line 92: | Line 94: | ||
|} | |} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Thomas Ewing]]<br> | | [[Thomas Ewing]]<br>Ohio || | ||
{| | {| | ||
| Mar. 5, 1841 || Apr. 4, 1841 || [[William Henry Harrison]] | | Mar. 5, 1841 || Apr. 4, 1841 || [[William Henry Harrison]] | ||
| Line 99: | Line 101: | ||
|} | |} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Walter Forward]]<br> | | [[Walter Forward]]<br>Pennsylvania || | ||
{| | {| | ||
| Sep. 13, 1841 || Mar. 1, 1843 || [[John Tyler]] | | Sep. 13, 1841 || Mar. 1, 1843 || [[John Tyler]] | ||
|} | |} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[John C. Spencer]]<br> | | [[John C. Spencer]]<br>New York || | ||
{| | {| | ||
| Mar. 8, 1843 || May 2, 1844 || [[John Tyler]] | | Mar. 8, 1843 || May 2, 1844 || [[John Tyler]] | ||
|} | |} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[George M. Bibb]]<br> | | [[George M. Bibb]]<br>Kentucky || | ||
{| | {| | ||
| Jul. 4, 1844 || Mar. 3, 1845 || [[John Tyler]] | | Jul. 4, 1844 || Mar. 3, 1845 || [[John Tyler]] | ||
| Line 116: | Line 118: | ||
|} | |} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Robert J. Walker]]<br> | | [[Robert J. Walker]]<br>Mississippi || | ||
{| | {| | ||
| Mar. 8, 1845 || Mar. 3, 1849 || [[James Polk]] | | Mar. 8, 1845 || Mar. 3, 1849 || [[James Polk]] | ||
| Line 123: | Line 125: | ||
|} | |} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[William M. Meredith]]<br> | | [[William M. Meredith]]<br>Pennsylvania || | ||
{| | {| | ||
| Mar. 8, 1849 || Jul. 9, 1850 || Taylor | | Mar. 8, 1849 || Jul. 9, 1850 || Taylor | ||
| Line 130: | Line 132: | ||
|} | |} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Thomas Corwin]]<br> | | [[Thomas Corwin]]<br>Ohio || | ||
{| | {| | ||
| Jul. 23, 1850 || Mar. 3, 1853 || [[Millard Fillmore]] | | Jul. 23, 1850 || Mar. 3, 1853 || [[Millard Fillmore]] | ||
| Line 137: | Line 139: | ||
|} | |} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[James Guthrie]]<br> | | [[James Guthrie]]<br>Kentucky || | ||
{| | {| | ||
| Mar. 7, 1853 || Mar. 3, 1857 || [[Franklin Pierce]] | | Mar. 7, 1853 || Mar. 3, 1857 || [[Franklin Pierce]] | ||
| Line 144: | Line 146: | ||
|} | |} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Howell Cobb]]<br> | | [[Howell Cobb]]<br>Georgia || | ||
{| | {| | ||
| Mar. 7, 1857 || Dec. 8, 1860 || [[James Buchanan]] | | Mar. 7, 1857 || Dec. 8, 1860 || [[James Buchanan]] | ||
|} | |} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Philip F. Thomas]]<br> | | [[Philip F. Thomas]]<br>Maryland || | ||
{| | {| | ||
| Dec. 12, 1860 || Jan. 14, 1861 || [[James Buchanan]] | | Dec. 12, 1860 || Jan. 14, 1861 || [[James Buchanan]] | ||
|} | |} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[John A. Dix]]<br> | | [[John A. Dix]]<br>New York || | ||
{| | {| | ||
| Jan. 15, 1861 || Mar. 3, 1861 || [[James Buchanan]] | | Jan. 15, 1861 || Mar. 3, 1861 || [[James Buchanan]] | ||
| Line 161: | Line 163: | ||
|} | |} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Salmon P. Chase]]<br> | | [[Salmon P. Chase]]<br>Ohio || | ||
{| | {| | ||
| Mar. 7, 1861 || Jun. 30, 1864 || [[Abraham Lincoln]] | | Mar. 7, 1861 || Jun. 30, 1864 || [[Abraham Lincoln]] | ||
|} | |} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[William P. Fessenden]]<br> | | [[William P. Fessenden]]<br>Maine || | ||
{| | {| | ||
| Jul. 5, 1864 || Mar. 3, 1865 || [[Abraham Lincoln]] | | Jul. 5, 1864 || Mar. 3, 1865 || [[Abraham Lincoln]] | ||
|} | |} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Hugh McCulloch]]<br> | | [[Hugh McCulloch]]<br>Indiana || | ||
{| | {| | ||
| Mar. 9, 1865 || Apr. 15, 1865 || [[Abraham Lincoln]] | | Mar. 9, 1865 || Apr. 15, 1865 || [[Abraham Lincoln]] | ||
| Line 178: | Line 180: | ||
|} | |} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[George S. Boutwell]]<br> | | [[George S. Boutwell]]<br>Massachusetts || | ||
{| | {| | ||
| Mar. 12, 1869 || Mar. 16, 1873 ||[[Ulysses Grant]] | | Mar. 12, 1869 || Mar. 16, 1873 ||[[Ulysses Grant]] | ||
|} | |} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[William A. Richardson]]<br> | | [[William A. Richardson]]<br>Massachusetts || | ||
{| | {| | ||
| Mar. 17, 1873 || Jun. 3, 1874 ||[[Ulysses Grant]] | | Mar. 17, 1873 || Jun. 3, 1874 ||[[Ulysses Grant]] | ||
|} | |} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Benjamin H. Bristow]]<br> | | [[Benjamin H. Bristow]]<br>Kentucky || | ||
{| | {| | ||
| Jun. 4, 1874 || Jun. 20, 1876 ||[[Ulysses Grant]] | | Jun. 4, 1874 || Jun. 20, 1876 ||[[Ulysses Grant]] | ||
|} | |} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Lot M. Morrill]]<br> | | [[Lot M. Morrill]]<br>Maine || | ||
{| | {| | ||
| Jul. 7, 1876 || Mar. 3, 1877 || [[Ulysses Grant]] | | Jul. 7, 1876 || Mar. 3, 1877 || [[Ulysses Grant]] | ||
| Line 200: | Line 202: | ||
|} | |} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[John Sherman]]<br> | | [[John Sherman]]<br>Ohio || | ||
{| | {| | ||
| Mar. 10, 1877 || Mar. 3, 1881 || [[Rutherford Hayes]] | | Mar. 10, 1877 || Mar. 3, 1881 || [[Rutherford Hayes]] | ||
|} | |} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[William Windom]]<br> | | [[William Windom]]<br>Minnesota || | ||
{| | {| | ||
| Mar. 8, 1881 || Sep. 19, 1881 || [[James Garfield]] | | Mar. 8, 1881 || Sep. 19, 1881 || [[James Garfield]] | ||
| Line 212: | Line 214: | ||
|} | |} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Charles J. Folger]]<br> | | [[Charles J. Folger]]<br>New York || | ||
{| | {| | ||
| Nov. 14, 1881 || Sep. 4, 1884 || [[Chester Arthur]] | | Nov. 14, 1881 || Sep. 4, 1884 || [[Chester Arthur]] | ||
Revision as of 11:45, 27 January 2008
The Secretary of the Treasury is a Cabinet member charged with developing fiscal policy for the United States of America and overseeing the Department of the Treasury. The position was established in 1789, giving it the distinction of being one of the two oldest Cabinet positions.[1] The first and most influential secretary was Alexander Hamilton (1789-1794), who established the new nation's finances on a sound bases, and to provide political support created the world's first voter-based political party, the Federalist Party, using the Treasury's national network of supporters.
The Secretary shares with the Chairman of the Federal Reserve System the status as the most powerful decision-maker in financial policy.[2]
In most countries this position is generally known as the Minister of Finance; Britain calls it the Chancellor of the Exchequer. The Secretary is fifth in the line of succession to the Presidency. The current Secretary is Henry Paulson.
Secretaries of the Treasury
Below is a list of the Secretaries of the Treasury along with their dates of service, and the President(s) they served under[3]:
| name | term(s) and appointing President | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alexander Hamilton New York |
| |||||||||
| Oliver Wolcott Jr. Connecticut |
| |||||||||
| Samuel Dexter Massachusetts |
| |||||||||
| Albert Gallatin Pennsylvania |
| |||||||||
| George W. Campbell Tennessee |
| |||||||||
| Alexander J. Dallas Pennsylvania |
| |||||||||
| William H. Crawford Georgia |
| |||||||||
| Richard Rush Pennsylvania |
| |||||||||
| Samuel D. Ingham Pennsylvania |
| |||||||||
| Louis McLane Delaware |
| |||||||||
| William J. Duane Pennsylvania |
| |||||||||
| Roger B. Taney Maryland |
| |||||||||
| Levi Woodbury New Hampshire |
| |||||||||
| Thomas Ewing Ohio |
| |||||||||
| Walter Forward Pennsylvania |
| |||||||||
| John C. Spencer New York |
| |||||||||
| George M. Bibb Kentucky |
| |||||||||
| Robert J. Walker Mississippi |
| |||||||||
| William M. Meredith Pennsylvania |
| |||||||||
| Thomas Corwin Ohio |
| |||||||||
| James Guthrie Kentucky |
| |||||||||
| Howell Cobb Georgia |
| |||||||||
| Philip F. Thomas Maryland |
| |||||||||
| John A. Dix New York |
| |||||||||
| Salmon P. Chase Ohio |
| |||||||||
| William P. Fessenden Maine |
| |||||||||
| Hugh McCulloch Indiana |
| |||||||||
| George S. Boutwell Massachusetts |
| |||||||||
| William A. Richardson Massachusetts |
| |||||||||
| Benjamin H. Bristow Kentucky |
| |||||||||
| Lot M. Morrill Maine |
| |||||||||
| John Sherman Ohio |
| |||||||||
| William Windom Minnesota |
| |||||||||
| Charles J. Folger New York |
| |||||||||
| Walter Q. Gresham Indiana |
| |||||||||
| Hugh McCulloch Indiana |
| |||||||||
| Daniel Manning New York |
| |||||||||
| Charles S. Fairchild New York |
| |||||||||
| William Windom Minnesota |
| |||||||||
| Charles Foster Ohio |
| |||||||||
| John G. Carlisle Kentucky |
| |||||||||
| Lyman J. Gage Illinois |
| |||||||||
| Leslie M. Shaw Iowa |
| |||||||||
| George B. Cortelyou New York |
| |||||||||
| Franklin MacVeagh Illinois |
| |||||||||
| William G. McAdoo New York |
| |||||||||
| Carter Glass Virginia |
| |||||||||
| David F. Houston Missouri |
| |||||||||
| Andrew W. Mellon Pennsylvania |
| |||||||||
| Ogden L. Mills New York |
| |||||||||
| William H. Woodin New York |
| |||||||||
| Henry Morgenthau, Jr. New York |
| |||||||||
| Fred M. Vinson Kentucky |
| |||||||||
| John W. Snyder Missouri |
| |||||||||
| George M. Humphrey Ohio |
| |||||||||
| Robert B. Anderson Connecticut |
| |||||||||
| C. Douglas Dillon New Jersey |
| |||||||||
| Henry H. Fowler Virginia |
| |||||||||
| Joseph W. Barr Indiana |
| |||||||||
| David M. Kennedy Utah |
| |||||||||
| John B. Connally Texas |
| |||||||||
| George P. Shultz Illinois |
| |||||||||
| William E. Simon New Jersey |
| |||||||||
| W. Michael Blumenthal Michigan |
| |||||||||
| G. William Miller Rhode Island |
| |||||||||
| Donald T. Regan New Jersey |
| |||||||||
| James A. Baker, III Texas |
| |||||||||
| Nicholas F. Brady New Jersey |
| |||||||||
| Lloyd M. Bentsen Texas |
| |||||||||
| Robert E. Rubin New York |
| |||||||||
| Lawrence H. Summers Massachusetts |
| |||||||||
| Paul H. O'Neill Pennsylvania |
| |||||||||
| John W. Snow Virginia |
| |||||||||
| Henry M. Paulson, Jr. Illinois |
|
Bibliography
- Blum, John Morton. From the Morgenthau Diaries: Years of Crisis, 1928-1938 (1959); Years of urgency: 1938-1941 (1965); Years of war, 1941-1945 (1967), a narrative history based very closely on the diaries
- Cannadine, David. Mellon: An American Life (2006)
- Chernow, Ron. Alexander Hamilton (2004) excerpt and text search
- Niven, John. Salmon P. Chase: A Biography (1995 ) excerpt and text search
- Suskind, Ron. The Price of Loyalty: George W. Bush, the White House, and the Education of Paul O'Neill (2004) excerpt and text search
- Walters, Raymond. Albert Gallatin: Jeffersonian Financier And Diplomat (1957) online edition
- White, Leonard D. The Federalists: a Study in Administrative History (1956)
- White, Leonard D. The Jeffersonians: A Study in Administrative History, 1801-1829 (1951)
- White, Leonard D. Jacksonians: A Study In Administrative History, 1829-1861 (1954)
- White, Leonard D. The Republican era;: A study in administrative history, 1869-1901 (1958)
Notes
- ↑ DOI history. Department of the Interior. Retrieved on 2007-11-17.
- ↑ The "Treasurer of the United States" is a separate position, mostly honorific and without power. The Treasurer and Secretary both have their cuignature on paper currency.
- ↑ http://www.treasury.gov/education/history/secretaries/index.shtml