Ferrari: Difference between revisions

From Citizendium
Jump to navigation Jump to search
imported>Charles Sandberg
(clean up)
imported>John Leach
(bold)
 
(20 intermediate revisions by 8 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
'''Ferrari S.p.A.''' is an [[Italy|Italian]] [[sports car]] [[car manufacturer|manufacturer]] based in [[Maranello]] and [[Modena]], [[Italy]]. Founded by [[Enzo Ferrari]] in 1929 as '''[[Scuderia Ferrari]]''', the company sponsored drivers and manufactured race cars before moving into production of street legal vehicles in 1947 as Ferrari [[Joint stock company|S.p.A.]]. Ferrari's cars are among the most desirable of vehicles to own and drive, and are one of the ultimate status symbols of wealth in the world. Throughout its history, the company has been noted for its continued participation in [[Auto racing|racing]], especially in [[Formula One]], where it has largely enjoyed great success, especially during the 1950s, 1960s, 1970s, late 1990s, and 2000s.
'''Ferrari''' is a sports and racing car manufacturer based in [[Maranello]], Italy. The company was founded in 1939 by [[Enzo Ferrari]] and produced its first model the following year. Ferrari is famous for its participation in [[Formula One]] and is the only constructor that has competed continuously since 1950, when the competition began.


Finally, after years of financial struggles, Enzo Ferrari sold the company's sports car division to the [[Fiat]] group in 1969 in order to help ensure continued financial backing for the foreseeable future. Enzo Ferrari himself retained control of the racing division until his death in [[1988]] at the age of 90.
==Notes==
{{reflist}}


Ferrari also has an internally managed merchandising line that licenses a wide range of products bearing the Ferrari brand, including eyewear, pens, pencils, perfume, clothing, high-tech bicycles, cell phones, and even laptop computers.
[[Category:Motor racing constructors]]
[[Financial Times]] named Ferrari number one on its 2007 list of the [[100 Best Workplaces in Europe]].
 
== History of Ferrari ==
{{main|History of Ferrari}}
 
=== 1929–1946 ===
[[Enzo Ferrari]] never intended to produce road cars when he formed ''Scuderia Ferrari'' in 1929 as a sponsor for amateur drivers headquartered in Modena. Ferrari prepared and successfully raced various drivers in [[Alfa Romeo in motorsport|Alfa Romeo]] cars until 1938, when he was officially hired by Alfa as head of their racing department.
 
In 1940, Alfa Romeo was absorbed by the [[Fascist]] government of [[Benito Mussolini]] as part of the [[Axis Powers]]' war effort. Enzo Ferrari's division was small enough to be unaffected by this. Because he was prohibited by contract from racing for four years, the ''Scuderia'' briefly became [[Auto Avio Costruzioni Ferrari]], which ostensibly produced machine tools and aircraft accessories. Also known as SEFAC (Scuderia Enzo Ferrari Auto Corse), Ferrari did in fact produce one race car, the [[Ferrari Tipo 815|Tipo 815]], in the non-competition period; it was thus the first actual Ferrari car (it debuted at the 1940 [[Mille Miglia]]), but due to [[World War II]] it saw little competition.  In 1943 the Ferrari factory moved to Maranello, where it has remained ever since. The factory was bombed by the [[Allies]] in 1944 and rebuilt in 1946, with the war ended and the Mussolini government overthrown, to include a works for road car production.  Right up to ''Il Commendatore'''s death, this would remain little more than a source of funding for his first love, racing.
 
"''Scuderia Ferrari''" literally means "Ferrari Stable"; the name is figuratively translated as "Team Ferrari".  (It is correctly pronounced "skoo deh ''REE'' ah".)
 
=== 1945–present ===
The first Ferrari road car was the 1947 [[Ferrari 125|125 S]], powered by a 1.5 L [[V12 engine]]; Enzo reluctantly built and sold his automobiles to fund the ''Scuderia''. While his beautiful and fast cars quickly gained a reputation for excellence, Enzo maintained a famous distaste for his customers, most of whom he felt were buying his cars for the prestige and not the performance.
 
Ferrari road cars, noted for magnificent styling by design houses like [[Pininfarina]], have long been one of the ultimate accessories for the rich. Other design houses that have done work for Ferrari over the years include [[Scaglietti]], [[Bertone]], [[Touring]], [[Ghia]], and [[Vignale]].
 
In 2005, four universities were granted the opportunity to design the next vehicle line-up for Ferrari in a student competition named 'Ferrari Concepts of the Myth'. Twenty winners were allowed to show off their concepts in a ¼ scale model and present their work to the board at Ferrari to allow for three out right winners to have the chance to work in the Ferrari design studio at [[Maranello]].
 
As of 2007, the [[FIAT|Fiat Group]] owns 85% of Ferrari, [[Mubadala]] 5%, and Enzo's son [[Piero Ferrari|Piero]] 10%. Fiat has shelved plans for an [[IPO]] because Fiat Auto has now returned to profitability, thus removing pressure from the group.
 
== Racing ==
{{main|Scuderia Ferrari}}
[[Image:M schumacher2.jpg|thumb|300px|right|[[Scuderia Ferrari]] won its most recent [[Formula One]] title in {{F1|2004}}, with [[Michael Schumacher]] (pictured) and [[Rubens Barrichello]] at the wheel.]]
 
Enzo Ferrari's true passion, despite his extensive road car business, was always auto racing. His Scuderia started as an independent sponsor for drivers in various cars, but soon became the Alfa Romeo in-house racing team. After Ferrari's departure from Alfa, he began to design and produce cars of his own; the Ferrari team first appeared on the European Grand Prix scene after the end of [[World War II]].
 
In 1949, [[Luigi Chinetti]] drove a Model 166M to Ferrari's first win in [[motorsports]], the [[24 Hours of Le Mans]]. Chinetti drove for all except twenty minutes of the [[Grand Prix motor racing|Grand Prix]] race. He soon became the American dealer for Ferraris and established the [[North American Racing Team]], Ferrari's official racing arm. The dealership is reported to have kept the company in business through sales to wealthy Americans, such as [[Briggs Cunningham]], who bought the first one Chinetti sold through the new dealership.
 
The Scuderia joined the [[Formula One]] World Championship in the first year of its existence, 1950. [[José Froilán González]] gave the team its first victory at the [[1951 British Grand Prix]].
 
[[Alberto Ascari]] gave Ferrari its first [[List of Formula One World Drivers' Champions|Drivers Championship ]] a year later. Ferrari is the oldest team left in the championship, not to mention the most successful: the team holds nearly every Formula One record. As of [[2005 Formula One season|2005]], the team's records include fourteen World Drivers Championship titles ([[1952 Formula One season|1952]], [[1953 Formula One season|1953]], [[1956 Formula One season|1956]], [[1958 Formula One season|1958]], [[1961 Formula One season|1961]], [[1964 Formula One season|1964]], [[1975 Formula One season|1975]], [[1977 Formula One season|1977]], [[1979 Formula One season|1979]], [[2000 Formula One season|2000]], [[2001 Formula One season|2001]], [[2002 Formula One season|2002]], [[2003 Formula One season|2003]] and [[2004 Formula One season|2004]]), fourteen World Constructors Championship titles ([[1961 Formula One season|1961]], [[1964 Formula One season|1964]], [[1975 Formula One season|1975]], [[1976 Formula One season|1976]], [[1977 Formula One season|1977]], [[1979 Formula One season|1979]], [[1982 Formula One season|1982]], [[1983 Formula One season|1983]], [[1999 Formula One season|1999]], [[2000 Formula One season|2000]], [[2001 Formula One season|2001]], [[2002 Formula One season|2002]], [[2003 Formula One season|2003]] and [[2004 Formula One season|2004]]), 179 Grand Prix victories, 3,445 and a half points, 544 podium finishes, 174 [[pole position]]s, 11,182 laps led, and 180 fastest laps in 1,622 Grands Prix contested.
 
Notable Ferrari drivers include [[Tazio Nuvolari]], [[Juan Manuel Fangio]], [[Luigi Chinetti]], [[Alberto Ascari]], [[Wolfgang von Trips]], [[Phil Hill]], [[Olivier Gendebien]], [[Mike Hawthorn]], [[Peter Collins]], [[John Surtees]], [[Jacky Ickx]], [[Mario Andretti]], [[Niki Lauda]], [[Carlos Reutemann]], [[Jody Scheckter]], [[Gilles Villeneuve]], [[Didier Pironi]], [[Michele Alboreto]], [[Gerhard Berger]], [[Nigel Mansell]], [[Alain Prost]], [[Jean Alesi]], [[Rubens Barrichello]] and [[Michael Schumacher]].
 
The Scuderia Ferrari drivers for the 2006 F1 season were [[Michael Schumacher]] and [[Felipe Massa]]. At the end of the 2006 season the team courted controversy by continuing to allow [[Marlboro (cigarette)|Marlboro]] to sponsor them after they, along with the other F1 teams, made a promise to end sponsorship deals with tobacco manufacturers. A five year deal worth a reported $500 million was agreed.{{Fact|date=February 2007}}
 
The drivers for 2007 are [[Felipe Massa]] and [[Kimi Räikkönen]].
 
== The "Cavallino Rampante" ==
The famous symbol of the Ferrari race team is a black prancing stallion on a yellow shield, usually with the letters ''S F'' (for ''Scuderia Ferrari''), with three stripes of green, white and red (the Italian national colors) at the top. The road cars have a rectangular badge on the hood (see picture above) and this race logo on the side.
 
On [[June 17]], [[1923]], Enzo Ferrari won a race at the [[Savio]] track in [[Ravenna]] where he met the Countess Paolina, mother of Count [[Francesco Baracca]], an ace of the [[Aeronautica Militare|Italian air force]] and national hero of [[World War I]], who used to paint a horse on the side of his planes. The Countess asked Enzo to use this horse on his cars, suggesting that it would grant him good luck. Ferrari left the horse black as it had been on Baracca's plane; however, he added a [[canary]] yellow background as this is the color of the city of [[Modena]], his birthplace.
 
[[Image:FBaracca_1.jpg|thumbnail|right|Count Francesco Baracca]]
 
Ferrari has used the cavallino rampante on official company stationery since 1929. Since the [[Spa 24 Hours]] race of [[July 9]], [[1932]], the cavallino rampante has been used on Alfa Romeos raced by Scuderia Ferrari.
 
A similar black horse on a yellow shield is the [[Coat of Arms]] of the [[Germany|German]] city of [[Stuttgart]]. This horse motif comes from the origins of the city's name: it comes from ''Stutengarten'', an ancient form of the modern German word ''Gestüt'', which translates into English as ''stud farm'' and into Italian as ''scuderia''. Stuttgart is the home of [[Porsche]], which also uses the Stuttgart sign in its corporate logo, centred in the emblem of the state of [[Württemberg]].
 
[[Image:Coat of arms of Stuttgart.svg|thumbnail|120px|left|Coat of arms of [[Stuttgart]], Germany]]
 
[[Fabio Taglioni]] used the cavallino rampante on his [[Ducati]] motorbikes. Taglioni's father was a companion of Baracca's and fought with him in the 91st Air Squad. As Ferrari's fame grew, Ducati abandoned the horse- perhaps the result of a private agreement between the two companies.
 
[[Image:Logo_avanti.gif|thumbnail|right|Austrian Fuel Stations]]
 
The cavallino rampante is now a [[trademark]] of Ferrari. However, other companies use similar logos: Avanti, an Austrian company operating over 100 [[filling station]]s, uses a prancing horse logo which is nearly identical to Ferrari's.
 
Many aspects of the cover design of the third [[Jamiroquai]] album, [[Travelling without Moving|''Travelling Without Moving'']], as well as the single [[Virtual Insanity]] and some single promos pay homage to the Ferrari logo.
 
== Rosso Corsa ==
{{main|Rosso corsa}}
 
Since the 1920s, Italian race cars of Alfa Romeo, [[Maserati]] and later Ferrari and [[Abarth]] were (and often still are) painted in "race red" (''Rosso Corsa''). This was the customary [[List of international auto racing colors|national racing color]] of Italy, as recommended between the World Wars by the organizations that later would become the [[FIA]]. In that scheme, French cars like [[Bugatti]] were blue, German like [[BMW]] and [[Porsche]] white (since 1934 also [[Silver Arrows]]), [[British racing green]] etc.
 
Curiously, Ferrari won the 1964 World championship with [[John Surtees]] by competing the last two races in cars painted white and blue, as these were not entered by the Italian factory themselves, but the US-based [[North American Racing Team|NART]] team. This was done as a protest concerning arguments between Ferrari and the Italian Racing Authorities regarding the homologation of a new mid-engined Ferrari race car.
 
== List of models ==
 
Until the mid-1980s, Ferrari followed a three-number naming scheme based on [[engine displacement]]:
* [[V6]] and [[V8]] models used the total displacement (in decilitres) for the first two digits and the number of cylinders as the third.  Thus, the 206 was a 2.0 L V6-powered vehicle, while the 348 used a 3.4 L V8.
* V12 models used the displacement (in cubic centimetres) of one cylinder.  Therefore, the famed 365 Daytona had a 4380 cc V12.
* [[Flat engine|Flat 12 (boxer)]] models used the displacement in litres.  Therefore, the 512BB was five litre flat 12 (a Berlinetta Boxer, in this case).  However, the original Berlinetta Boxer was the [[Ferrari Berlinetta Boxer#365 GT4 BB|365 GT4 BB]], which was named in a similar manner to the V12 models.
 
Most Ferraris were also given designations referring to their body style.  In general, the following conventions were used:
* '''M''' standing for "Modificata," this suffix is placed to the end of a model's number designation to denote that it is a modified version of its predecessor and not a complete evolution (see [[Ferrari Testarossa#F512M|F512M]] and [[Ferrari 575M Maranello|575M Maranello]]).
* '''GTB''' models are closed [[Berlinetta]]s, or [[coupe]]s.
* '''GTS''' models, in older models, are [[convertible]]s (see [[Ferrari Daytona#365 GTS4|365 GTS4]]); however, in late models, this suffix is used for [[targa top]] models (see [[Ferrari 348|348]] [[Ferrari 348#348 GTS|GTS]], and [[Ferrari F355|F355]] [[Ferrari F355#F355 GTS|GTS]]; exception being the [[Ferrari 348|348]] [[Ferrari 348#348 TS|TS]], which is the only targa named differently). The convertible models now use the suffix "Spider" (see [[Ferrari F355|F355]] Spider, and [[Ferrari 360]] Spider).
 
This naming system can be confusing, as some entirely different vehicles used the same engine type and body style. Many Ferraris also had other names affixed (like Daytona) to identify them further. Many such names are actually not official factory names. The Daytona name commemorates Ferrari's  [http://www.wspr-racing.com/wspr/results/wscc/ms1967.html triple success] in the February 1967 [[24 Hours of Daytona]] with the [[Ferrari P|330P4]]. Only in the [http://www.wspr-racing.com/wspr/results/wscc/ms1973.html#2 1973 Daytona 24h], a [[Ferrari Daytona#365 GTB4|365 GTB4]] model run by [[N.A.R.T.]] (North American Racing Team, who raced Ferrari's in America) scored 2nd—behind a [[Porsche 911]].
 
As well, the [[Ferrari 250 GTO|250 GTO]]'s famous acronym, which means ''Gran Turismo Omologato'', was simply a name the Italian press gave the car which referred to the way Ferrari had, in a sense, avoided the rules and successfully homologated the car for racing purposes (somehow Ferrari had convinced the [[FIA]] that the 250 GTO was the same car as previous [[Ferrari 250|250]]'s). This was probably to avoid confusion with the multiple 250 models produced before the GTO.
 
The various [[Ferrari Dino|Dino]] models were named for Enzo's son, Dino Ferrari, and are not formally Ferraris, though are to all intents and purposes considered so.
 
In the mid 1990s, Ferrari added the letter "F" to the beginning of all models (a practice quickly abandoned after the [[Ferrari Testarossa#F512M|F512M]] and [[Ferrari F355|F355]], but recently picked up again with the [[Ferrari F430|F430]]).
 
=== Road models ===
{{Early Ferrari vehicles}}<br>
{{Ferrari vehicles}}<br>
[[Image:Ferrari parking lot at USGP 2005.jpg|thumb|250px|The [[Ferrari Club of America]]'s parking lot at the [[2005 United States Grand Prix]]]]
 
====Sports cars====
Ferrari's first models were sports/racing cars quite different from the grand touring models that followed.  See below for a complete list.
 
====2-seat Gran Turismo====
Ferrari quickly moved into the Gran Turismo market, and the bulk of the company's sales remain in this area. 
 
* 1949 '''[[Ferrari 166 Inter|166 Inter]]'''
* 1950 '''[[Ferrari 195 Inter|195 Inter]]'''
* 1951 '''[[Ferrari 212 Inter|212 Inter]]'''
* 1951 '''[[Ferrari America|342 America]]'''
* 1953 '''[[Ferrari 375 MM|375 MM Coupe]]'''
* 1953 '''[[Ferrari 250#250 Export/Europa|250 Europa]]'''
* 1953 '''[[Ferrari America#375 America|375 America]]'''
* 1954 '''[[Ferrari 250#250 Export/Europa|250 Europa GT]]'''
* 1956 '''[[Ferrari America#410 superamerica|410 Superamerica]]'''
* 1956-1963 '''[[Ferrari 250#250 GT|250 GT Europa/Boano/Ellena/Coupe Pininfarina/Lusso]]'''
* 1957-1960 '''[[Ferrari 250#Sports cars|250 GT Berlinetta/Cabriolet/California Spyder/SWB]]'''
* 1960 '''[[Ferrari America#400 superamerica|400 Superamerica]]'''
* 1964-1968 '''[[Ferrari 275|275]]'''
** 1964-1965 [[Ferrari 275#275 GTB|275 GTB]]/[[Ferrari 275#275 GTS|GTS]]
** 1966-1968 [[Ferrari 275#275 GTB4|275 GTB/4]]
* 1964 '''[[Ferrari America#500 Superfast|500 Superfast]]'''
* 1964 '''[[Ferrari 330|330]]'''
** 1966 [[Ferrari 330#330 GTC|330 GTC]] Coupe
** 1966 [[Ferrari 330#330 GTS|330 GTS]] Spider
* 1966 '''[[Ferrari America#365 California|365 California]]'''
* 1968 '''[[Ferrari 365|365]]'''
** 1968-1969 [[Ferrari 365#365 GTC|365 GTC]] Coupe
** 1969-1970 [[Ferrari 365#365 GTS|365 GTS]] Spider
* 1968-1973 '''[[Ferrari Daytona|Daytona]]'''
** 1968 [[Ferrari Daytona#365 GTB4|365 GTB4]]/[[Ferrari Daytona#365 GTS4|365 GTS4]]
* 1996-2001 '''[[Ferrari 550 Maranello|550 Maranello]]'''
** 1996-2000 [[Ferrari 550#550 Maranello|550 Maranello]] Coupe
** 2001 [[Ferrari 550#550 Barchetta|550 Barchetta]]
* 2002-2006 '''[[Ferrari 575M Maranello|575M Maranello]]'''
** 2004 [[Ferrari 575M Maranello|Barchetta]]
** 2005 [[Ferrari 575M Maranello|Superamerica]]
* 2007 '''[[Ferrari 599 GTB Fiorano|599 GTB Fiorano]]'''
 
====Mid-engine V6/V8====
[[Image:Ferrari.targa.arp.750pix.jpg|right|thumb|250px|[[Ferrari 308 GTB|Ferrari 328 GTS]] Targa]]
 
The Dino was the first mid-engined Ferrari.  This layout would go on to be used in most Ferraris of the 1980s and 1990s.  V6 and V8 Ferrari models make up well over half of the marque's total production.
 
* 1968-1975 '''[[Ferrari Dino|Dino]]'''
** 1968-1973 Dino 206GT
** 1968-1973 Dino 246GT/GTS
* 1975-1989 '''[[Ferrari 308GTB|208/308/328 GTB/GTS]]'''
** 1975 [[Ferrari 308#308 GTB|308 GTB]]/[[Ferrari 308#308 GTS|GTS]]
** 1980 [[Ferrari 308#208 GTB|208 GTB]]/[[Ferrari 308#208 GTS|GTS]]
** 1980 [[Ferrari 308#308 GTBi|308 GTBi]]/[[Ferrari 308#308 GTSi|GTSi]]
** 1982 [[Ferrari 308#208 GTB Turbo|208 GTB]]/[[Ferrari 308#208 GTS Turbo|GTS]] [[Turbo]]
** 1982 [[Ferrari 308#308 GTB Quattrovalvole|308 GTB]]/[[Ferrari 308#308 GTS Quattrovalvole|GTS]] Quattrovalvole
** 1985 [[Ferrari 308#328 GTB|328 GTB]] Berlinetta
** 1986 [[Ferrari 308#GTB Turbo|GTB]]/[[Ferrari 308#GTS Turbo|GTS]] [[Turbo]]
* 1989 '''[[Ferrari 348|348]]'''
** 1989 [[Ferrari 348#348 TB|348 TB]]/[[Ferrari 348#348 TS|TS]]
** 1993 [[Ferrari 348#348 GTB|348 GTB]]/[[Ferrari 348#348 GTS|GTS]]
* 1995-1998 '''[[Ferrari F355|F355]]'''
** 1994 [[Ferrari F355#F355|F355]]/[[Ferrari F355#F355 GTS|GTS]]
** 1997 [[Ferrari F355#355 F1|355 F1]]
* 1999-2004 '''[[Ferrari 360]]'''
** 1999-2004 360 Modena/Spider
** 2003-2004 Challenge Stradale
* 2005 '''[[Ferrari F430|F430]]'''
 
====Mid-engine 2+2====
[[image:ferrari.dino.arp.750pix.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Bertone]]-bodied [[Ferrari Dino|Dino]] [[Ferrari GT4|308 GT4]]]]
 
For a time, Ferrari built 2+2 versions of its mid-engined V8 cars.  Although they looked quite different from their 2-seat counterparts, both the GT4 and Mondial were very closely-related to the 308 GTB.
 
* 1974-1980 '''[[Ferrari GT4|208/308 GT4]]'''
** 1974-1975 [[Ferrari GT4#308 GT4|''Dino'' 308GT4]]
** 1976-1980 [[Ferrari GT4#308 GT4|308GT4]]
** 1975 [[Ferrari GT4#208 GT4|208 GT4]]
* 1980 '''[[Ferrari Mondial|Mondial]]'''
** 1980 [[Ferrari Mondial#Mondial 8|Mondial 8]]
** 1982 [[Ferrari Mondial#Mondial Quattrovalvole|Mondial Quattrovalvole]]
** 1983 [[Ferrari Mondial#Mondial Cabriolet|Mondial Cabriolet]]
** 1985 [[Ferrari Mondial#3.2 Mondial|3.2 Mondial]]/[[Ferrari Mondial#3.2 Cabriolet|3.2 Cabriolet]]
** 1989 [[Ferrari Mondial#Mondial T|Mondial T]]
 
====Front-engine 2+2====
[[Image:SAG2004 214 Ferrari G12.JPG|right|thumb|250px|[[Ferrari 612 Scaglietti]]]]
 
The company has also produced front-engined 2+2 cars, culminating in the current 612 Scaglietti.
 
* 1960-1963 '''[[Ferrari 250|250]]'''
** 1960-1963 [[Ferrari 250#250 GT|250 GT 2+2]]
* 1964-1967 '''[[Ferrari 330|330]]'''
** 1964-1967 [[Ferrari 330#330 GT|330 GT 2+2]]
* 1967-1971 '''[[Ferrari 365|365]]'''
** 1967-1971 [[Ferrari 365#365 GT|365 GT 2+2]]
* 1968-1973 '''[[Ferrari Daytona|365 Daytona]]'''
** 1971-1972 [[Ferrari Daytona#365 GTC4|365 GTC4]]
** 1972-1976 [[Ferrari Daytona#365 GT4|365 GT4 2+2]]
* 1976-1989 '''[[Ferrari 400|400/412]]'''
** 1976 [[Ferrari 400#400 Automatic|400 Automatic]]
** 1979 [[Ferrari 400#400i|400i]]
** 1985 [[Ferrari 400#412|412]]
* 1992-2003 '''[[Ferrari 456|456/456M]]'''
** 1992-1997 [[Ferrari 456#456 GT|456 GT/GTA]] Coupe
** 1998-2003 [[Ferrari 456#456M GT|456M GT]] Coupe
* 2004-2005 '''[[Ferrari 612 Scaglietti|612 Scaglietti]]'''
 
====Mid-engine 12-cylinder====
Ferrari entered the mid-engined 12-cylinder fray with the Berlinetta Boxer in 1971.  The later Testarossa remains one of the most famous Ferraris.
 
* 1971-1984 '''[[Ferrari 512 Berlinetta Boxer|512 Berlinetta Boxer]]'''
** 1971 [[Ferrari 512 Berlinetta Boxer#365 GT4 BB|365 GT4 BB]]
** 1976 [[Ferrari 512 Berlinetta Boxer#512BB|512BB]]
** 1981 [[Ferrari 512 Berlinetta Boxer#512iBB|512iBB]]
* 1984-1996 '''[[Ferrari Testarossa|Testarossa]]'''
** 1984-1992 [[Ferrari Testarossa#Testarossa|Testarossa]]
** 1992-1994 [[Ferrari Testarossa#512TR|512TR]]
** 1994-1996 [[Ferrari Testarossa#F512M|F512M]]
 
====Supercars====
[[Image:Scarsdale Concours Enzo 2.jpg|right|thumb|250px|[[Enzo Ferrari (car)|Enzo Ferrari]]]]
The company's loftiest efforts have been in the [[supercar]] market.
 
* 1962 '''[[Ferrari 250 GTO|250 GTO]]'''
* 1984 '''[[Ferrari 288 GTO|288 GTO]]'''
* 1987&ndash;1992 '''[[Ferrari F40|F40]]'''
* 1995&ndash;1997 '''[[Ferrari F50|F50]]'''
* 1996 [[Ferrari F50 GT|F50 GT]]
* 2003&ndash;2005 '''[[Enzo Ferrari (car)|Enzo Ferrari]]'''
* 2006 '''[[Ferrari FXX|FXX]]'''
 
=== Competition models ===
==== Current ====
 
*2007 [[Ferrari F2007|F2007]]
*2006 [[Ferrari 575M Maranello|575M Maranello]]
*2006 [[Ferrari F430|F430 GT]]
*2006 [[Ferrari F430|F430 Spider]]
*2006 [[Ferrari FXX|FXX]]
 
==== Past ====
[[Image:RL 1958 Ferrari 250 Testa Rossa 34.JPG|right|thumb|250px|1958 Ferrari 250 Testa Rossa from the [[Ralph Lauren]] collection]]
 
* Sports cars
** 1940 [[Auto Avio Costruzioni 815|AAC 815]]
** 1947 [[Ferrari 125|125 Sport]]
** 1947 [[Ferrari 159|159 Sport]]
** 1948 [[Ferrari 166|166 S/SC/MM]]
** 1950 [[Ferrari 195|195 S]]
** 1951 [[Ferrari America|340 America]]
** 1951 [[Ferrari 212|212 Export]]
** 1952 [[Ferrari 225|225 S]]
** 1952 [[Ferrari 250#250 S|250 S]]
** 1952 [[Ferrari America|340 Mexico]]
** 1953 [[Ferrari 250#250 MM|250 MM]]
** 1953 [[Ferrari 166|Ferrari-Abarth 166 MM/53]]
** 1953 [[Ferrari Monza#625 TF|625 TF]]
** 1953 [[Ferrari Monza#735 S|735 S]]
** 1953 [[Ferrari Monza#500 Mondial|500 Mondial]]
** 1953 [[Ferrari America|340 MM]]
** 1953 [[Ferrari America|375 MM]]
** 1954 [[Ferrari Monza#750 Monza|750 Monza]]
** 1954 [[Ferrari 250#250 Monza|250 Monza]]
** 1954 [[Ferrari America|375 Plus]]
** 1955 [[Ferrari 118 LM|118 LM]]
** 1955 [[Ferrari 121 LM|121 LM]]
** 1955 [[Ferrari 410 S|410 S]]
** 1955 [[Ferrari Monza#857 S|857 S]]
** 1956 [[Ferrari 500 TR|500 TR]]
** 1956 [[Ferrari 290 MM|290 MM]]
** 1956 [[Ferrari 290 S|290 S]]
** 1956 [[Ferrari Monza#860 Monza|860 Monza]]
** 1956 [[Ferrari Monza#625 LM|625 LM]]
** 1957 [[Ferrari Monza#500 TR|500 TRC]]
** 1957 [[Ferrari 315 S|315 S]]
** 1957 [[Ferrari 335 S|335 S]]
** 1957 [[Ferrari TR#250 Testa Rossa|250 Testa Rossa]]
** 1960 [[Ferrari TR#250 TR|250 TR60/61]]
** 1962 [[Ferrari 250 GTO|GTO]]
*** 1962 [[Ferrari 250 GTO|250 GTO]]
*** 1963 [[Ferrari 330#330 LMB|330 LMB]]
** 1963 [[Ferrari P|P/LM series]]
*** 1963 [[Ferrari P#250 P|250 P]]
*** 1964 [[Ferrari P#250 LM|250 LM]]
*** 1964 [[Ferrari P#330 P|330 P]]
*** 1965 [[Ferrari P#330 P2|330 P2]]
*** 1966 [[Ferrari P#330 P3|330 P3]]
*** 1967 [[Ferrari P#330 P4|330 P4]]
*** 1967 [[Ferrari P#412 P|412 P]]
** 1969 [[Ferrari 212 E "Montagna"]]
** 1969 [[Ferrari 312P|312 P]]
** 1969 [[Ferrari 512|512 S and 512 M]]
** 1971 [[Ferrari 312PB|312 PB]]
** 1994 [[Ferrari 333 SP|333 SP]]
** 1995 [[Ferrari F50|F50 GT]]
** 2005 [[Ferrari FXX|FXX]]
 
* [[Formula 1]]
** 1948 [[Ferrari 125 F1|125 F1]]
** 1950 [[Ferrari 275 F1|275 F1]]
** 1950 [[Ferrari 340 F1|340 F1]]
** 1950 [[Ferrari 375 F1|375 F1]]
** 1954 [[Ferrari 553 F1|553 F1]]
** 1954 [[Ferrari 625 F1|625 F1]]
** 1955 [[Ferrari 555 F1|555 F1]]
** 1955 [[Lancia D50|Ferrari-Lancia D50]]
** 1957 [[Ferrari 801 F1|801 F1]]
** 1958 [[Ferrari 412 MI|412 MI]]
** 1958 [[Ferrari 246 F1|246 F1]]
** 1959 [[Ferrari 256 F1|256 F1]]
** 1961 [[Ferrari 156 F1|156 F1]]
** 1964 [[Ferrari 158 F1|158 F1]]
** 1964 [[Ferrari 512 F1|512 F1]]
** 1966 [[Ferrari 312 F1|312 F1]]
** 1970 [[Ferrari 312B|312 B]]
** 1971 [[Ferrari 312B|312 B2]]
** 1973 [[Ferrari 312B|312 B3]]
** 1975 [[Ferrari 312T|312 T]]
** 1976 [[Ferrari 312T|312 T2]]
** 1978 [[Ferrari 312T|312 T3]]
** 1979 [[Ferrari 312T|312 T4]]
** 1980 [[Ferrari 312T|312 T5]]
** 1981 [[Ferrari 126 C|126 C]]
** 1982 [[Ferrari 126 C2|126 C2]]
** 1983 [[Ferrari 126 C3|126 C3]]
** 1984 [[Ferrari 126 C4|126 C4]]
** 1985 [[Ferrari 156/85|156/85]]
** 1986 [[Ferrari F1/86|F1/86]]
** 1987 [[Ferrari F1/87|F1/87]]
** 1988 [[Ferrari F1/88|F1/88]]
** 1989 [[Ferrari F1 640|F1 640]]
** 1990 [[Ferrari F1 641|F1 641]]
** 1991 [[Ferrari F1 642|F1 642]]
** 1991 [[Ferrari F1 643|F1 643]]
** 1992 [[Ferrari F 92 A|F 92 A]]
** 1993 [[Ferrari F 93 A|F 93 A]]
** 1994 [[Ferrari 412T|412 T1/T1B]]
** 1995 [[Ferrari 412T|412 T2]]
** 1996 [[Ferrari F310|F 310]]
** 1997 [[Ferrari F310B|F 310 B]]
** 1998 [[Ferrari F 300|F 300]]
** 1999 [[Ferrari F 399|F 399]]
** 2000 [[Ferrari F2000|F2000]]
** 2001 [[Ferrari F2001|F2001]]
** 2002 [[Ferrari F2002|F2002]]
** 2003 [[Ferrari F2003-GA|F2003-GA]]
** 2004 [[Ferrari F2004|F2004]]
** 2005 [[Ferrari F2005|F2005]]
** 2006 [[Ferrari 248 F1|248 F1]]
* [[Formula 2]]
** 1948 [[Ferrari 125 F2|125 F2]]
** 1951 [[Ferrari 500 F2|500 F2]]
** 1953 [[Ferrari 553 F2|553 F2]]
** 1957 [[Dino 156 F2]]
** 1967 [[Dino 166 F2]]
 
==='''Concept models'''===
[[Image:Ferrari GG50.jpg|thumb|250px|right|[[Ferrari GG50]]]]
** 1968 [[Ferrari P5]]
** 1969 [[Ferrari Pininfarina 512S Berlinetta Speciale]]
** 1970 [[Ferrari Pininfarina Modulo]]
** 1989 [[Ferrari Mythos]]
** 2005 [[Ferrari GG50]]
** 2006 [[Ferrari P4/5 By Pininfarina|Ferrari P4/5]]
** 2006 [[Ferrari Zagato 575 GTZ]]
 
== See also ==
* [[List of automobile manufacturers]]
* [[List of Italian companies]]
* [[List of Ferrari engines]]
* [[Galleria Ferrari]]
 
== References ==
*{{cite journal|journal=[[Sports Car International]]|issue=Oct/Nov 2000|pages=94|author=Eric Gustafson|title=Cavallino Rampante}}
 
== External links ==
 
*[http://www.ferrariworld.com/ Ferrari World] (official website)
*[http://ferrari.mobi/ Ferrari.mobi] (official mobile website)
*[http://galleriaferrari.com Galleria Ferrari Museum website] (in Italian and English)
*[http://www.tuneauto.com/autolinks/Ferrari-ADT456-252.html Open directory of Ferrari Web sites]
 
 
 
[[Category:Engineering Workgroup]]
[[Category:Business Workgroup]]

Latest revision as of 12:07, 20 September 2019

Ferrari is a sports and racing car manufacturer based in Maranello, Italy. The company was founded in 1939 by Enzo Ferrari and produced its first model the following year. Ferrari is famous for its participation in Formula One and is the only constructor that has competed continuously since 1950, when the competition began.

Notes

Retrieved from "https://citizendium.org/wiki/index.php?title=Ferrari&oldid=32038"